Manual — AOS 4.3

1. Commands (intro)

X	a portable, network transparent window system
Xibm	X Window System (version 11) Server for IBM equipment
Xserver	X Window System server	[ X ]
adb	debugger
addbib	create or extend bibliographic database
aedjournal	display commands in a log file
aedrunner	execute graphics commands in a log file
afs_passwd	change an Andrew File System login password (AFS only)
afscopy	backup facility (AFS only)
andrew	start Xibm, cwm, console, and typescript
apply	apply a command to a set of arguments
apropos	locate commands by keyword lookup
ar	archive and library maintainer
as	assembler
at	execute commands at a later time
atq	print the queue of jobs waiting to be run
atrm	remove jobs spooled by at
autoseq	a news system	[ notes, autoseq, readnotes ]
awk	pattern scanning and processing language
basename	strip filename affixes
bc	arbitrary-precision arithmetic language
bf77	FORTRAN 77 compiler
biff	be notified if mail arrives and who it is from
binmail	send or receive mail among users
bitmap	bitmap editor for X
bitprt	capture the image on a bitmap display and print it on an IBM printer
bits4216
cal	print calendar
calendar	reminder service
case	command language	[ sh, for, case, if, while, :, ., break, continue, cd, eval, exec, exit, export, login, read, readonly, set, shift, times, trap, umask, wait ]
cat	catenate and print
cb	C program beautifier
cc	default C compiler
cd	change working directory
checkeq	typeset mathematics	[ eqn, neqn, checkeq ]
checknotes	check for new notesfile articles
checknr	check nroff/troff files
chfn	change password file information (includes NFS extentions)	[ chfn, chsh, passwd ]
chgrp	change group
chmod	change mode (includes AFS extensions)
chsh	change password file information (includes NFS extentions)	[ chfn, chsh, passwd ]
clear	clear terminal screen
cmp	compare two files
col	filter reverse line feeds
colcrt	filter nroff output for CRT previewing
colpro	column filter for IBM 4201 Proprinter
colrm	remove columns from a file
comm	select or reject lines common to two sorted files
compress	compress and expand data	[ compress, uncompress, zcat ]
cp	copy
crypt	encode/decode
csh	a shell (command interpreter) with C-like syntax
ctags	create a tags file
date	print and set the date
dbx	debugger
dc	desk calculator
dd	convert and copy a file
deroff	remove nroff, troff, tbl and eqn constructs
df	report free disk space on file systems (includes NFS extensions)
diction	print wordy sentences; thesaurus for diction	[ diction, explain ]
diff	differential file and directory comparator
diff3	3-way differential file comparison
diffh	differential file and directory comparator	[ diff ]
domainname	set or display name of current domain system (NFS only)
dosdel	read, write, dir, delete on PC-DOS diskette	[ dosread ]
dosdir	read, write, dir, delete on PC-DOS diskette	[ dosread ]
dosread	read, write, dir, delete on PC-DOS diskette
doswrite	read, write, dir, delete on PC-DOS diskette	[ dosread ]
du	summarize disk usage
dumpaed	dump aed display memory as a binary file
dumpapa16	dump apa16 display memory as a binary file
dumpapa8	dump apa8 display memory as a binary file
dumpapa8c	dump apa8c display memory as a binary file
echo	echo arguments
ed	text editor
edit	text editor	[ ex, edit ]
efl	Extended Fortran Language
egrep	search a file for a pattern	[ grep, egrep, fgrep ]
enroll	secret mail	[ xsend, xget, enroll ]
eqn	typeset mathematics	[ eqn, neqn, checkeq ]
error	analyze and disperse compiler error messages
ex	text editor	[ ex, edit ]
expand	expand tabs to spaces, and vice versa	[ expand, unexpand ]
explain	print wordy sentences; thesaurus for diction	[ diction, explain ]
expr	evaluate arguments as an expression
f77	Default FORTRAN 77 compiler
false	provide truth values	[ false, true ]
fgrep	search a file for a pattern	[ grep, egrep, fgrep ]
file	determine file type
find	find files
finger	user information lookup program
fmt	simple text formatter
fold	fold long lines for finite width output device
for	command language	[ sh, for, case, if, while, :, ., break, continue, cd, eval, exec, exit, export, login, read, readonly, set, shift, times, trap, umask, wait ]
fp	Functional Programming language compiler/interpreter
fpr	print Fortran file
from	who is my mail from?
fs	file system program (AFS only)
fsplit	split a multi-routine Fortran file into individual files
ftc	Fast Tape Copy
gcore	get core images of running processes
gprof	display call graph profile data
grep	search a file for a pattern	[ grep, egrep, fgrep ]
groups	show group memberships
hc	Optimizing High C compiler
head	give first few lines
hf77	Optimizing FORTRAN 77 compiler
hostid	set or print identifier of current host system
hostname	set or print name of current host system
ico	animate an icosahedron or other polyhedron
if	command language	[ sh, for, case, if, while, :, ., break, continue, cd, eval, exec, exit, export, login, read, readonly, set, shift, times, trap, umask, wait ]
indent	indent and format C program source
indxbib	build inverted index for a bibliography, find references in a bibliography	[ indxbib, lookbib ]
install	install binaries
intro	introduction to commands
iostat	report I/O statistics
join	relational database operator
kbdlock	lock the keyboard of the IBM RT PC
kill	terminate a process with extreme prejudice
last	indicate last logins of users and teletypes
lastcomm	show last commands executed in reverse order
ld	link editor
learn	computer-aided instruction about the UNIX operating system
leave	remind you when you have to leave
lex	generator of lexical analysis programs
lint	a C program verifier
lisp	lisp interpreter
liszt	compile a Franz Lisp program
ln	make links
loadafs	copy files into the Andrew File System (AFS only)
lock	reserve a terminal
log	tell the Andrew Cache Manager about your password (AFS only)
logger	make entries in the system log
login	sign on (includes AFS extensions)
look	find lines in a sorted list
lookbib	build inverted index for a bibliography, find references in a bibliography	[ indxbib, lookbib ]
lorder	find ordering relation for an object library
lpq	spool queue examination program
lpr	off line print
lprm	remove jobs from the line printer spooling queue
lptest	generate lineprinter ripple pattern
ls	list contents of directory
lxref	lisp cross reference program
m4	macro processor
mail	send and receive mail
make	maintain program groups
man	find manual information by keywords; print out the manual
mesg	permit or deny messages
mkdir	make a directory
mkstr	create an error message file by massaging C source
more	file perusal filter for crt viewing	[ more, page ]
mset	retrieve ASCII to IBM 3270 keyboard map
msgs	system messages and junk mail program
mt	magnetic tape manipulating program
muncher	draw interesting patterns in an X window
mv	move or rename files
neqn	typeset mathematics	[ eqn, neqn, checkeq ]
netstat	show network status
newaliases	rebuild the data base for the mail aliases file
nfpipe	Insert articles into a notesfile
nfprint	Print the contents of a notesfile
nfstats	Print statistics about Notesfiles
nice	run a command at low priority (sh only)	[ nice, nohup ]
nm	print name list
nohup	run a command at low priority (sh only)	[ nice, nohup ]
notes	a news system	[ notes, autoseq, readnotes ]
nroff	text formatting
od	octal, decimal, hex, ascii dump
page	file perusal filter for crt viewing	[ more, page ]
pagesize	print system page size
passwd	change password file information (includes NFS extentions)	[ chfn, chsh, passwd ]
patch	a program for applying a diff file to an original
pc	Pascal compiler
pcc	pcc-based C compiler
pdx	pascal debugger
pf	set keyboard program-function keys
pi	Pascal interpreter code translator
pic	troff preprocessor for drawing simple pictures
pix	Pascal interpreter and executor
plaid	paint some plaid-like patterns in an X window
pmerge	pascal file merger
pprint	print text files on IBM 3812 Pageprinter
pr	print file
prfl	IBM 4201 Proprinter/IBM 5152 Graphics Printer nroff post-processing filter
printenv	print out the environment
prof	display profile data
proff	nroff for the IBM 4201 Proprinter and IBM 5152 Graphics Printer
ps	process status
ptroff	print troff files on IBM 3812 Pageprinter
ptx	permuted index
puzzle	15-puzzle game for X
pwd	working directory name
px	Pascal interpreter
pxp	Pascal execution profiler
pxref	Pascal cross-reference program
quota	display disk usage and limits (includes NFS extensions)
ranlib	convert archives to random libraries
ratfor	rational Fortran dialect
rdist	remote file distribution program
readnotes	a news system	[ notes, autoseq, readnotes ]
refer	find and insert literature references in documents
reset	terminal dependent initialization	[ tset ]
rev	reverse lines of a file
rm	remove (unlink) files or directories	[ rm, rmdir ]
rmail	handle remote mail received via uucp
rmdir	remove (unlink) directories or files	[ rmdir, rm ]
roffbib	run off bibliographic database
rpcgen	an RPC protocol compiler (NFS only)
scale	resize a bitmap image
sccs	front end for the SCCS subsystem
script	make typescript of terminal session
sed	stream editor
sendbug	mail a system bug report to 4bsd-bugs
sh	command language	[ sh, for, case, if, while, :, ., break, continue, cd, eval, exec, exit, export, login, read, readonly, set, shift, times, trap, umask, wait ]
showps	PostScript preview utilities	[ bits4216, showps ]
size	size of an object file
sleep	suspend execution for an interval
soelim	eliminate .so’s from nroff input
sort	sort or merge files
sortbib	sort bibliographic database
spell	find spelling errors	[ spell, spellin, spellout ]
spellin	find spelling errors	[ spell, spellin, spellout ]
spellout	find spelling errors	[ spell, spellin, spellout ]
split	split a file into pieces
strings	find the printable strings in a object, or other binary, file
strip	remove symbols and relocation bits
struct	structure Fortran programs
stty	set terminal options
style	analyze surface characteristics of a document
su	substitute user id temporarily (includes AFS and NFS extensions)
sum	sum and count blocks in a file
support	hardware and software support information
symorder	rearrange name list
sysline	display system status on status line of a terminal
systat	display system statistics on a crt (includes NFS extensions)
tabs	set terminal tabs
tail	deliver the last part of a file
talk	talk to another user
tar	tape archiver
tbl	format tables for nroff or troff
tc	photoypesetter simulator
tcopy	copy a mag tape
tee	pipe fitting
test	condition command
time	time a command
tk	paginator for the Tektronix 4014
tn3270	full-screen remote login to IBM VM/CMS
touch	update date last modified of a file
tp	manipulate tape archive
tr	translate characters
troff	text formatting and typesetting	[ troff, nroff ]
true	provide truth values	[ true, false ]
tset	terminal dependent initialization
tsort	topological sort
tty	get terminal name
ul	do underlining
uncompress	compress and expand data	[ compress, uncompress, zcat ]
unexpand	expand tabs to spaces, and vice versa	[ expand, unexpand ]
unifdef	remove ifdef’ed lines
uniq	report repeated lines in a file
units	conversion program
unix	start IBM/4.3 running on RISC Coprocessor
unlog	notify Andrew Cache Manager when the user is done using AFS (AFS only)
up	client Remote Virtual Disk (RVD) utilities	[ up, down ]
uptime	show how long system has been up
users	compact list of users who are on the system
uwm	a window manager for X
vacation	return “I am on vacation” indication
vgrind	grind nice listings of programs for the IBM 3812 Pageprinter
vi	screen oriented (visual) display editor based on ex
viceup	backup facility (AFS only)
vlp	Format Lisp programs to be printed with nroff, vtroff, or troff
vmstat	report virtual memory statistics (includes NFS extensions)
vwidth	make troff width table for a font
w	who is on and what they are doing
wait	await completion of process
wall	write to all users
wc	word count
what	show what versions of object modules were used to construct a file
whatis	describe what a command is
whereis	locate source, binary, and or manual for program
which	locate a program file including aliases and paths (csh only)
while	command language	[ sh, for, case, if, while, :, ., break, continue, cd, eval, exec, exit, export, login, read, readonly, set, shift, times, trap, umask, wait ]
who	who is on the system
whoami	print effective current user id
whois	DARPA Internet user name directory service
window	window environment
wm	a simple real-estate-driven window manager
write	write to another user
x10tox11	X version 10 to version 11 protocol converter
xbiff	mailbox flag for X
xcalc	scientific calculator for X
xclock	analog / digital clock for X
xdpr	dump an X window directly to the printer
xedit	simple text editor for X
xfd	font displayer for X
xget	secret mail	[ xsend, xget, enroll ]
xhost	server access control program for X
xinit	X Window System initializer
xload	load average display for X
xlogo	X Window System logo
xlsfonts	server font list displayer for X
xmh	X window interface to the mh Mail Handler
xmodmap	keyboard modifier utilities for X	[ xmodmap, xprkbd ]
xpr	print an X window dump
xprkbd	X Window System keyboard modifier utilities	[ xmodmap, xprkbd ]
xprop	property displayer for X
xrdb	X server resource database utility
xrefresh	refresh all or part of an X screen
xsend	secret mail	[ xsend, xget, enroll ]
xset	user preference utility for X
xsetroot	root window parameter setting utility for X
xstr	extract strings from C programs to implement shared strings
xterm	terminal emulator for X
xwd	dump an image of an X window
xwindows	start Xibm, uwm window manager, two xterms, and xclock
xwininfo	window information utility for X
xwud	image displayer for X
yacc	yet another compiler-compiler
yes	be repetitively affirmative
ypcat	print values in a yellow pages data base (NFS only)
ypmatch	print the value of one or more keys from a yellow pages map (NFS only)
yppasswd	change login password in yellow pages (NFS only)
ypwhich	which host is the yellow pages server or map master? (NFS only)
zcat	compress and expand data	[ compress, uncompress, zcat ]

1C. Communications Commands

cu	connect to a remote system	[ tip, cu ]
ftp	ARPANET file transfer program
on	execute a command remotely (NFS only)
rcp	remote file copy (includes NFS and AFS extensions)
rlogin	remote login (includes AFS extensions)
rsh	remote shell (includes AFS extensions)
rup	show host status of local machines (RPC version) (NFS only)
ruptime	show host status of local machines
rusers	who’s logged in on local machines (RPC version) (NFS only)
rwall	write to all users over a network (RPC version) (NFS only)
rwho	who’s logged in on local machines
telnet	user interface to the TELNET protocol
tftp	trivial file transfer program
tip	connect to a remote system	[ tip, cu ]
uucp	unix to unix copy
uudecode	encode/decode a binary file for transmission via mail	[ uuencode, uudecode ]
uuencode	encode/decode a binary file for transmission via mail	[ uuencode, uudecode ]
uulog	display UUCP log files
uuname	list names of UUCP hosts
uusend	send a file to a remote host
uux	unix to unix command execution

1G. Graphics Commands

graph	draw a graph
plot	graphics filters
spline	interpolate smooth curve

2. System Calls (intro)

accept	accept a connection on a socket
access	determine accessibility of file
acct	turn accounting on or off
adjtime	correct the time to allow synchronization of the system clock
async_daemon	NFS daemons (NFS only)	[ nfssvc, async_daemon ]
bind	bind a name to a socket
brk	change data segment size	[ brk, sbrk ]
chdir	change current working directory
chmod	change mode of file (includes AFS extensions)	[ chmod, fchmod ]
chown	change owner and group of a file	[ chown, fchown ]
chroot	change root directory
close	delete a descriptor
connect	initiate a connection on a socket
creat	create a new file
dup	duplicate a descriptor	[ dup, dup2 ]
dup2	duplicate a descriptor	[ dup, dup2 ]
execve	execute a file
exit	terminate a process	[ _exit ]
fchmod	change mode of file (includes AFS extensions)	[ chmod, fchmod ]
fchown	change owner and group of a file	[ chown, fchown ]
fcntl	file control (includes NFS extensions)
flock	apply or remove an advisory lock on an open file
fork	create a new process
fstat	get file status	[ stat, lstat, fstat ]
fsync	synchronize a file’s in-core state with that on disk
ftruncate	truncate a file to a specified length	[ truncate, ftruncate ]
getdirentries	gets directory entries in a filesystem independent format (NFS only)
getdomainname	get/set name of current domain (NFS only)	[ getdomainname, setdomainname ]
getdtablesize	get descriptor table size
getegid	get group identity	[ getgid, getegid ]
geteuid	get user identity	[ getuid, geteuid ]
getfloatstate	return machine and process floating point state
getfpemulator	return address of the floating-point emulator
getgid	get group identity	[ getgid, getegid ]
getgroups	get group access list
gethostid	get/set unique identifier of current host	[ gethostid, sethostid ]
gethostname	get/set name of current host	[ gethostname, sethostname ]
getitimer	get/set value of interval timer	[ getitimer, setitimer ]
getpagesize	get system page size
getpeername	get name of connected peer
getpgrp	get process group
getpid	get process identification	[ getpid, getppid ]
getppid	get process identification	[ getpid, getppid ]
getpriority	get/set program scheduling priority	[ getpriority, setpriority ]
getrlimit	control maximum system resource consumption	[ getrlimit, setrlimit ]
getrusage	get information about resource utilization
getsockname	get socket name
getsockopt	get and set options on sockets	[ getsockopt, setsockopt ]
gettimeofday	get/set date and time	[ gettimeofday, settimeofday ]
getuid	get user identity	[ getuid, geteuid ]
intro	introduction to system calls and error numbers
ioctl	control device
kill	send signal to a process
killpg	send signal to a process group
link	make a hard link to a file
listen	listen for connections on a socket
lseek	move read/write pointer
lstat	get file status	[ stat, lstat, fstat ]
mkdir	make a directory file
mknod	make a special file
mount	mount or remove file system	[ mount, umount ]
nfssvc	NFS daemons (NFS only)	[ nfssvc, async_daemon ]
open	open a file for reading or writing, or create a new file
pipe	create an interprocess communication channel
profil	execution time profile
ptrace	process trace
quota	manipulate disk quotas
quotactl	manipulate disk quotas (NFS only)
read	read input	[ read, readv ]
readlink	read value of a symbolic link
readv	read input	[ read, readv ]
reboot	reboot system or halt processor
recv	receive a message from a socket	[ recv, recvfrom, recvmsg ]
recvfrom	receive a message from a socket	[ recv, recvfrom, recvmsg ]
recvmsg	receive a message from a socket	[ recv, recvfrom, recvmsg ]
rename	change the name of a file
rmdir	remove a directory file
sbrk	change data segment size	[ brk, sbrk ]
select	synchronous I/O multiplexing
send	send a message from a socket	[ send, sendto, sendmsg ]
sendmsg	send a message from a socket	[ send, sendto, sendmsg ]
sendto	send a message from a socket	[ send, sendto, sendmsg ]
setdomainname	get/set name of current domain (NFS only)	[ getdomainname, setdomainname ]
setgroups	set group access list
sethostid	get/set unique identifier of current host	[ gethostid, sethostid ]
sethostname	get/set name of current host	[ gethostname, sethostname ]
setitimer	get/set value of interval timer	[ getitimer, setitimer ]
setpag	set process authentication group (AFS only)
setpgrp	set process group
setpriority	get/set program scheduling priority	[ getpriority, setpriority ]
setquota	enable/disable quotas on a file system
setregid	set real and effective group ID
setreuid	set real and effective user ID’s
setrlimit	control maximum system resource consumption	[ getrlimit, setrlimit ]
setsockopt	get and set options on sockets	[ getsockopt, setsockopt ]
settimeofday	get/set date and time	[ gettimeofday, settimeofday ]
shutdown	shut down part of a full-duplex connection
sigblock	block signals
sigpause	atomically release blocked signals and wait for interrupt
sigreturn	return from signal
sigsetmask	set current signal mask
sigstack	set and/or get signal stack context
sigvec	software signal facilities
socket	create an endpoint for communication
socketpair	create a pair of connected sockets
stat	get file status	[ stat, lstat, fstat ]
statfs	get file system statistics (NFS only)
swapon	add a swap device for interleaved paging/swapping
symlink	make symbolic link to a file
sync	update super-block
syscall	indirect system call
truncate	truncate a file to a specified length	[ truncate, ftruncate ]
umask	set file creation mode mask
umount	mount or remove file system	[ mount, umount ]
unlink	remove directory entry
utimes	set file times
vdspin	spin up or spin down a Remote Virtual Disk (RVD)	[ vdspin, vdspind ]
vdstats	acquire client Remote Virtual Disk (RVD) statistics
vfork	spawn new process in a virtual memory efficient way
vhangup	virtually “hangup” the current control terminal
wait	wait for process to terminate	[ wait, wait3 ]
wait3	wait for process to terminate	[ wait, wait3 ]
write	write output	[ write, writev ]
writev	write output	[ write, writev ]

3. C Library (intro)

_longjmp	non-local goto	[ setjmp, longjmp ]
_setjmp	non-local goto	[ setjmp, longjmp ]
abort	generate a fault
abs	integer absolute value
alloca	memory allocator	[ malloc, free, realloc, calloc, alloca ]
alphasort	scan a directory	[ scandir, alphasort ]
asctime	convert date and time to ASCII	[ ctime, localtime, gmtime, asctime, timezone ]
assert	program verification
atof	convert ASCII to numbers	[ atof, atoi, atol ]
atoi	convert ASCII to numbers	[ atof, atoi, atol ]
atol	convert ASCII to numbers	[ atof, atoi, atol ]
bcmp	bit and byte string operations	[ bcopy, bcmp, bzero, ffs ]
bcopy	bit and byte string operations	[ bcopy, bcmp, bzero, ffs ]
bstring	bit and byte string operations	[ bcopy, bcmp, bzero, ffs ]
bzero	bit and byte string operations	[ bcopy, bcmp, bzero, ffs ]
calloc	memory allocator	[ malloc, free, realloc, calloc, alloca ]
closedir	directory operations	[ opendir, readdir, telldir, seekdir, rewinddir, closedir ]
closelog	control system log	[ syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask ]
comp	regular expression handler	[ re_comp, re_exec ]
crypt	DES encryption	[ crypt, setkey, encrypt ]
ctime	convert date and time to ASCII	[ ctime, localtime, gmtime, asctime, timezone ]
ctype	character classification macros	[ isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii, toupper, tolower, toascii ]
dbm_clearerr	data base subroutines	[ dbm_open, dbm_close, dbm_fetch, dbm_store, dbm_delete, dbm_firstkey, dbm_nextkey, dbm_error, dbm_clearerr ]
dbm_close	data base subroutines	[ dbm_open, dbm_close, dbm_fetch, dbm_store, dbm_delete, dbm_firstkey, dbm_nextkey, dbm_error, dbm_clearerr ]
dbm_delete	data base subroutines	[ dbm_open, dbm_close, dbm_fetch, dbm_store, dbm_delete, dbm_firstkey, dbm_nextkey, dbm_error, dbm_clearerr ]
dbm_error	data base subroutines	[ dbm_open, dbm_close, dbm_fetch, dbm_store, dbm_delete, dbm_firstkey, dbm_nextkey, dbm_error, dbm_clearerr ]
dbm_fetch	data base subroutines	[ dbm_open, dbm_close, dbm_fetch, dbm_store, dbm_delete, dbm_firstkey, dbm_nextkey, dbm_error, dbm_clearerr ]
dbm_firstkey	data base subroutines	[ dbm_open, dbm_close, dbm_fetch, dbm_store, dbm_delete, dbm_firstkey, dbm_nextkey, dbm_error, dbm_clearerr ]
dbm_nextkey	data base subroutines	[ dbm_open, dbm_close, dbm_fetch, dbm_store, dbm_delete, dbm_firstkey, dbm_nextkey, dbm_error, dbm_clearerr ]
dbm_open	data base subroutines	[ dbm_open, dbm_close, dbm_fetch, dbm_store, dbm_delete, dbm_firstkey, dbm_nextkey, dbm_error, dbm_clearerr ]
dbm_store	data base subroutines	[ dbm_open, dbm_close, dbm_fetch, dbm_store, dbm_delete, dbm_firstkey, dbm_nextkey, dbm_error, dbm_clearerr ]
directory	directory operations	[ opendir, readdir, telldir, seekdir, rewinddir, closedir ]
ecvt	output conversion	[ ecvt, fcvt, gcvt ]
edata	last locations in program	[ end, etext, edata ]
encrypt	DES encryption	[ crypt, setkey, encrypt ]
end	last locations in program	[ end, etext, edata ]
endfsent	get file system descriptor file entry	[ getfsent, getfsspec, getfsfile, getfstype, setfsent, endfsent ]
endgrent	get group file entry	[ getgrent, getgrgid, getgrnam, setgrent, endgrent ]
endpwent	get password file entry	[ getpwent, getpwuid, getpwnam, setpwent, endpwent, setpwfile ]
endttyent	get ttys file entry	[ getttyent, getttynam, setttyent, endttyent ]
endusershell	get legal user shells	[ getusershell, setusershell, endusershell ]
environ	execute a file	[ execl, execv, execle, execlp, execvp, exec, execve, exect, environ ]
errlist	system error messages	[ perror, sys_errlist, sys_nerr ]
etext	last locations in program	[ end, etext, edata ]
execl	execute a file	[ execl, execv, execle, execlp, execvp, exec, execve, exect, environ ]
execle	execute a file	[ execl, execv, execle, execlp, execvp, exec, execve, exect, environ ]
execlp	execute a file	[ execl, execv, execle, execlp, execvp, exec, execve, exect, environ ]
exect	execute a file	[ execl, execv, execle, execlp, execvp, exec, execve, exect, environ ]
execv	execute a file	[ execl, execv, execle, execlp, execvp, exec, execve, exect, environ ]
execve	execute a file	[ execl, execv, execle, execlp, execvp, exec, execve, exect, environ ]
execvp	execute a file	[ execl, execv, execle, execlp, execvp, exec, execve, exect, environ ]
exit	terminate a process after flushing any pending output
fcvt	output conversion	[ ecvt, fcvt, gcvt ]
ffs	bit and byte string operations	[ bcopy, bcmp, bzero, ffs ]
free	memory allocator	[ malloc, free, realloc, calloc, alloca ]
frexp	split into mantissa and exponent	[ frexp, ldexp, modf ]
gcvt	output conversion	[ ecvt, fcvt, gcvt ]
getdisk	get disk description by its name	[ getdiskbyname ]
getdiskbyname	get disk description by its name
getenv	value for environment name
getfsent	get file system descriptor file entry	[ getfsent, getfsspec, getfsfile, getfstype, setfsent, endfsent ]
getfsfile	get file system descriptor file entry	[ getfsent, getfsspec, getfsfile, getfstype, setfsent, endfsent ]
getfsspec	get file system descriptor file entry	[ getfsent, getfsspec, getfsfile, getfstype, setfsent, endfsent ]
getfstype	get file system descriptor file entry	[ getfsent, getfsspec, getfsfile, getfstype, setfsent, endfsent ]
getgrent	get group file entry	[ getgrent, getgrgid, getgrnam, setgrent, endgrent ]
getgrgid	get group file entry	[ getgrent, getgrgid, getgrnam, setgrent, endgrent ]
getgrnam	get group file entry	[ getgrent, getgrgid, getgrnam, setgrent, endgrent ]
getlogin	get login name
getmntent	get file system descriptor file entry (NFS only)	[ getmntent, setmntent, addmntent, endmntent, hasmntopt ]
getopt	get option letter from argv
getpass	read a password
getpwent	get password file entry	[ getpwent, getpwuid, getpwnam, setpwent, endpwent, setpwfile ]
getpwnam	get password file entry	[ getpwent, getpwuid, getpwnam, setpwent, endpwent, setpwfile ]
getpwuid	get password file entry	[ getpwent, getpwuid, getpwnam, setpwent, endpwent, setpwfile ]
getttyent	get ttys file entry	[ getttyent, getttynam, setttyent, endttyent ]
getttynam	get ttys file entry	[ getttyent, getttynam, setttyent, endttyent ]
getusershell	get legal user shells	[ getusershell, setusershell, endusershell ]
getwd	get current working directory pathname
gmtime	convert date and time to ASCII	[ ctime, localtime, gmtime, asctime, timezone ]
ieee	ieee arithmetic support functions	[ copysign, drem, logb, scalb, rint, classdouble, classfloat, isnan, unordered, finite, infinity, nextdouble, nextfloat, fptestround, fpsetround, swapround, fptestflag, fpsetflag, fpclrflag, swapfpflag, fptesttrap, fpsettrap, fpclrtrap, swapfptrap ]
index	string operations	[ strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, index, rindex ]
initgroups	initialize group access list
initstate	better random number generator; routines for changing generators	[ random, srandom, initstate, setstate ]
insque	insert/remove element from a queue	[ insque, remque ]
intro	introduction to C library functions
isalnum	character classification macros	[ isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii, toupper, tolower, toascii ]
isalpha	character classification macros	[ isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii, toupper, tolower, toascii ]
isascii	character classification macros	[ isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii, toupper, tolower, toascii ]
isatty	find name of a terminal	[ ttyname, isatty, ttyslot ]
iscntrl	character classification macros	[ isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii, toupper, tolower, toascii ]
isdigit	character classification macros	[ isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii, toupper, tolower, toascii ]
islower	character classification macros	[ isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii, toupper, tolower, toascii ]
isprint	character classification macros	[ isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii, toupper, tolower, toascii ]
ispunct	character classification macros	[ isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii, toupper, tolower, toascii ]
isspace	character classification macros	[ isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii, toupper, tolower, toascii ]
isupper	character classification macros	[ isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii, toupper, tolower, toascii ]
isxdigit	character classification macros	[ isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii, toupper, tolower, toascii ]
ldexp	split into mantissa and exponent	[ frexp, ldexp, modf ]
localtime	convert date and time to ASCII	[ ctime, localtime, gmtime, asctime, timezone ]
lockf	advisory record locking on files (NFS only)
longjmp	non-local goto	[ setjmp, longjmp ]
malloc	memory allocator	[ malloc, free, realloc, calloc, alloca ]
mkstemp	make a unique file name	[ mktemp ]
mktemp	make a unique file name
modf	split into mantissa and exponent	[ frexp, ldexp, modf ]
moncontrol	prepare execution profile	[ monitor, monstartup, moncontrol ]
monitor	prepare execution profile	[ monitor, monstartup, moncontrol ]
monstartup	prepare execution profile	[ monitor, monstartup, moncontrol ]
ndbm	data base subroutines	[ dbm_open, dbm_close, dbm_fetch, dbm_store, dbm_delete, dbm_firstkey, dbm_nextkey, dbm_error, dbm_clearerr ]
nfabort	dump core and log it in a notesfile
nfcomment	a user interface to the notesfile system
nlist	get entries from name list
opendir	directory operations	[ opendir, readdir, telldir, seekdir, rewinddir, closedir ]
openlog	control system log	[ syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask ]
pclose	initiate I/O to/from a process	[ popen, pclose ]
perror	system error messages	[ perror, sys_errlist, sys_nerr ]
popen	initiate I/O to/from a process	[ popen, pclose ]
psignal	system signal messages	[ psignal, sys_siglist ]
qsort	quicker sort
random	better random number generator; routines for changing generators	[ random, srandom, initstate, setstate ]
rcmd	routines for returning a stream to a remote command	[ rcmd, rresvport, ruserok ]
re_comp	regular expression handler	[ re_comp, re_exec ]
re_exec	regular expression handler	[ re_comp, re_exec ]
readdir	directory operations	[ opendir, readdir, telldir, seekdir, rewinddir, closedir ]
realloc	memory allocator	[ malloc, free, realloc, calloc, alloca ]
regex	regular expression handler	[ re_comp, re_exec ]
remque	insert/remove element from a queue	[ insque, remque ]
resolver	resolver routines	[ res_mkquery, res_send, res_init, dn_comp, dn_expand ]
rewinddir	directory operations	[ opendir, readdir, telldir, seekdir, rewinddir, closedir ]
rexec	return stream to a remote command
rindex	string operations	[ strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, index, rindex ]
rint	ieee arithmetic support functions	[ copysign, drem, logb, scalb, rint, classdouble, classfloat, isnan, unordered, finite, infinity, nextdouble, nextfloat, fptestround, fpsetround, swapround, fptestflag, fpsetflag, fpclrflag, swapfpflag, fptesttrap, fpsettrap, fpclrtrap, swapfptrap ]
rresvport	routines for returning a stream to a remote command	[ rcmd, rresvport, ruserok ]
ruserok	routines for returning a stream to a remote command	[ rcmd, rresvport, ruserok ]
scandir	scan a directory	[ scandir, alphasort ]
seekdir	directory operations	[ opendir, readdir, telldir, seekdir, rewinddir, closedir ]
setegid	set user and group ID	[ setuid, seteuid, setruid, setgid, setegid, setrgid ]
seteuid	set user and group ID	[ setuid, seteuid, setruid, setgid, setegid, setrgid ]
setfsent	get file system descriptor file entry	[ getfsent, getfsspec, getfsfile, getfstype, setfsent, endfsent ]
setgid	set user and group ID	[ setuid, seteuid, setruid, setgid, setegid, setrgid ]
setgrent	get group file entry	[ getgrent, getgrgid, getgrnam, setgrent, endgrent ]
setjmp	non-local goto	[ setjmp, longjmp ]
setkey	DES encryption	[ crypt, setkey, encrypt ]
setlogmask	control system log	[ syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask ]
setpwent	get password file entry	[ getpwent, getpwuid, getpwnam, setpwent, endpwent, setpwfile ]
setpwfile	get password file entry	[ getpwent, getpwuid, getpwnam, setpwent, endpwent, setpwfile ]
setrgid	set user and group ID	[ setuid, seteuid, setruid, setgid, setegid, setrgid ]
setruid	set user and group ID	[ setuid, seteuid, setruid, setgid, setegid, setrgid ]
setstate	better random number generator; routines for changing generators	[ random, srandom, initstate, setstate ]
setttyent	get ttys file entry	[ getttyent, getttynam, setttyent, endttyent ]
setuid	set user and group ID	[ setuid, seteuid, setruid, setgid, setegid, setrgid ]
setusershell	get legal user shells	[ getusershell, setusershell, endusershell ]
siginterrupt	allow signals to interrupt system calls
sleep	suspend execution for interval
srandom	better random number generator; routines for changing generators	[ random, srandom, initstate, setstate ]
strcat	string operations	[ strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, index, rindex ]
strcmp	string operations	[ strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, index, rindex ]
strcpy	string operations	[ strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, index, rindex ]
string	string operations	[ strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, index, rindex ]
strlen	string operations	[ strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, index, rindex ]
strncat	string operations	[ strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, index, rindex ]
strncmp	string operations	[ strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, index, rindex ]
strncpy	string operations	[ strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, index, rindex ]
swab	swap bytes
sys	system error messages	[ perror, sys_errlist, sys_nerr ]
sys_errlist	system error messages	[ perror, sys_errlist, sys_nerr ]
sys_nerr	system error messages	[ perror, sys_errlist, sys_nerr ]
sys_siglist	system signal messages	[ psignal, sys_siglist ]
syslog	control system log	[ syslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask ]
system	issue a shell command
telldir	directory operations	[ opendir, readdir, telldir, seekdir, rewinddir, closedir ]
timezone	convert date and time to ASCII	[ ctime, localtime, gmtime, asctime, timezone ]
toascii	character classification macros	[ isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii, toupper, tolower, toascii ]
tolower	character classification macros	[ isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii, toupper, tolower, toascii ]
toupper	character classification macros	[ isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii, toupper, tolower, toascii ]
ttyname	find name of a terminal	[ ttyname, isatty, ttyslot ]
ttyslot	find name of a terminal	[ ttyname, isatty, ttyslot ]
ualarm	schedule signal after specified time
usleep	suspend execution for interval
varargs	variable argument list

3C. Compatibility Routines

alarm	schedule signal after specified time
ftime	get date and time	[ time, ftime ]
getpw	get name from uid
gtty	set and get terminal state (defunct)	[ stty, gtty ]
nice	set program priority
pause	stop until signal
rand	random number generator	[ rand, srand ]
signal	simplified software signal facilities
srand	random number generator	[ rand, srand ]
stty	set and get terminal state (defunct)	[ stty, gtty ]
time	get date and time	[ time, ftime ]
times	get process times
utime	set file times
valloc	aligned memory allocator
vlimit	control maximum system resource consumption
vtimes	get information about resource utilization

3F. FORTRAN Library (intro)

abort	terminate abruptly with memory image
access	determine accessibility of a file
alarm	execute a subroutine after a specified time
and	and, or, xor, not, rshift, lshift bitwise functions	[ bit ]
arc	f77 library interface to plot (3X) libraries.	[ plot: openpl et al. ]
besj0	of two kinds for integer orders	[ Bessel functions ]
besj1	of two kinds for integer orders	[ Bessel functions ]
besjn	of two kinds for integer orders	[ Bessel functions ]
bessel	of two kinds for integer orders	[ Bessel functions ]
besy0	of two kinds for integer orders	[ Bessel functions ]
besy1	of two kinds for integer orders	[ Bessel functions ]
besyn	of two kinds for integer orders	[ Bessel functions ]
bit	and, or, xor, not, rshift, lshift bitwise functions
box	f77 library interface to plot (3X) libraries.	[ plot: openpl et al. ]
chdir	change default directory
chmod	change mode of a file
circle	f77 library interface to plot (3X) libraries.	[ plot: openpl et al. ]
clospl	f77 library interface to plot (3X) libraries.	[ plot: openpl et al. ]
cont	f77 library interface to plot (3X) libraries.	[ plot: openpl et al. ]
ctime	return system time	[ time, ctime, ltime, gmtime ]
dbesj0	of two kinds for integer orders	[ Bessel functions ]
dbesj1	of two kinds for integer orders	[ Bessel functions ]
dbesjn	of two kinds for integer orders	[ Bessel functions ]
dbesy0	of two kinds for integer orders	[ Bessel functions ]
dbesy1	of two kinds for integer orders	[ Bessel functions ]
dbesyn	of two kinds for integer orders	[ Bessel functions ]
dffrac	return extreme values	[ flmin, flmax, ffrac, dflmin, dflmax, dffrac, inmax ]
dflmax	return extreme values	[ flmin, flmax, ffrac, dflmin, dflmax, dffrac, inmax ]
dflmin	return extreme values	[ flmin, flmax, ffrac, dflmin, dflmax, dffrac, inmax ]
drand	return random values	[ rand, drand, irand ]
drandm	better random number generator	[ random, drandm, irandm ]
dtime	return elapsed execution time	[ etime, dtime ]
erase	f77 library interface to plot (3X) libraries.	[ plot: openpl et al. ]
etime	return elapsed execution time	[ etime, dtime ]
exit	terminate process with status
falloc	memory allocator	[ malloc, free, falloc ]
fdate	return date and time in an ASCII string
ffrac	return extreme values	[ flmin, flmax, ffrac, dflmin, dflmax, dffrac, inmax ]
fgetc	get a character from a logical unit	[ getc, fgetc ]
flmax	return extreme values	[ flmin, flmax, ffrac, dflmin, dflmax, dffrac, inmax ]
flmin	return extreme values	[ flmin, flmax, ffrac, dflmin, dflmax, dffrac, inmax ]
flush	flush output to a logical unit
fork	create a copy of this process
fortran	introduction to FORTRAN library functions	[ intro ]
fpecnt	trap and repair floating point faults	[ trpfpe, fpecnt ]
fputc	write a character to a fortran logical unit	[ putc, fputc ]
free	memory allocator	[ malloc, free, falloc ]
fseek	reposition a file on a logical unit	[ fseek, ftell ]
fstat	get file status	[ stat, lstat, fstat ]
ftell	reposition a file on a logical unit	[ fseek, ftell ]
gerror	get system error messages	[ perror, gerror, ierrno ]
getarg	return command line arguments	[ getarg, iargc ]
getc	get a character from a logical unit	[ getc, fgetc ]
getcwd	get pathname of current working directory
getenv	get value of environment variables
getgid	get user or group ID of the caller	[ getuid, getgid ]
getlog	get user’s login name
getpid	get process id
getuid	get user or group ID of the caller	[ getuid, getgid ]
gmtime	return system time	[ time, ctime, ltime, gmtime ]
hostnm	get name of current host
iargc	return command line arguments	[ getarg, iargc ]
idate	return date or time in numerical form	[ idate, itime ]
ierrno	get system error messages	[ perror, gerror, ierrno ]
index	tell about character objects	[ index, rindex, lnblnk, len ]
inmax	return extreme values	[ flmin, flmax, ffrac, dflmin, dflmax, dffrac, inmax ]
intro	introduction to FORTRAN library functions
ioinit	change f77 I/O initialization
irand	return random values	[ rand, drand, irand ]
irandm	better random number generator	[ random, drandm, irandm ]
isatty	find name of a terminal port	[ ttynam, isatty ]
itime	return date or time in numerical form	[ idate, itime ]
kill	send a signal to a process
label	f77 library interface to plot (3X) libraries.	[ plot: openpl et al. ]
len	tell about character objects	[ index, rindex, lnblnk, len ]
line	f77 library interface to plot (3X) libraries.	[ plot: openpl et al. ]
linemd	f77 library interface to plot (3X) libraries.	[ plot: openpl et al. ]
link	make a link to an existing file
lnblnk	tell about character objects	[ index, rindex, lnblnk, len ]
loc	return the address of an object
long	integer object conversion	[ long, short ]
lshift	and, or, xor, not, rshift, lshift bitwise functions	[ bit ]
lstat	get file status	[ stat, lstat, fstat ]
ltime	return system time	[ time, ctime, ltime, gmtime ]
malloc	memory allocator	[ malloc, free, falloc ]
move	f77 library interface to plot (3X) libraries.	[ plot: openpl et al. ]
not	and, or, xor, not, rshift, lshift bitwise functions	[ bit ]
openpl	f77 library interface to plot (3X) libraries.	[ plot: openpl et al. ]
or	and, or, xor, not, rshift, lshift bitwise functions	[ bit ]
perror	get system error messages	[ perror, gerror, ierrno ]
plot	f77 library interface to plot (3X) libraries.	[ plot: openpl et al. ]
point	f77 library interface to plot (3X) libraries.	[ plot: openpl et al. ]
putc	write a character to a fortran logical unit	[ putc, fputc ]
qsort	quick sort
rand	return random values	[ rand, drand, irand ]
random	better random number generator	[ random, drandm, irandm ]
rename	rename a file
rindex	tell about character objects	[ index, rindex, lnblnk, len ]
rshift	and, or, xor, not, rshift, lshift bitwise functions	[ bit ]
short	integer object conversion	[ long, short ]
signal	change the action for a signal
sleep	suspend execution for an interval
space	f77 library interface to plot (3X) libraries.	[ plot: openpl et al. ]
stat	get file status	[ stat, lstat, fstat ]
symlnk	make a link to an existing file	[ link ]
system	execute a UNIX command
tclose	f77 tape I/O	[ topen, tclose, tread, twrite, trewin, tskipf, tstate ]
time	return system time	[ time, ctime, ltime, gmtime ]
topen	f77 tape I/O	[ topen, tclose, tread, twrite, trewin, tskipf, tstate ]
traper	trap arithmetic errors
trapov	trap and repair floating point overflow
tread	f77 tape I/O	[ topen, tclose, tread, twrite, trewin, tskipf, tstate ]
trewin	f77 tape I/O	[ topen, tclose, tread, twrite, trewin, tskipf, tstate ]
trpfpe	trap and repair floating point faults	[ trpfpe, fpecnt ]
tskipf	f77 tape I/O	[ topen, tclose, tread, twrite, trewin, tskipf, tstate ]
tstate	f77 tape I/O	[ topen, tclose, tread, twrite, trewin, tskipf, tstate ]
ttynam	find name of a terminal port	[ ttynam, isatty ]
twrite	f77 tape I/O	[ topen, tclose, tread, twrite, trewin, tskipf, tstate ]
unlink	remove a directory entry
wait	wait for a process to terminate
xor	and, or, xor, not, rshift, lshift bitwise functions	[ bit ]

3G. Graphics Suboutines (intro)

circle	draw a circle	[ VI_Circle ]
clip	set clipping window	[ VI_Clip ]
color	change screen color	[ VI_Color ]
copy	copy an area	[ VI_Copy ]
cursor	control the display cursor	[ VI_MDefnCur, VI_FDefnCur, VI_EnCur, VI_DisCur, VI_PosnCur ]
dash	set line dash pattern	[ VI_Dash ]
font	select and manipulate fonts	[ VI_Font, VI_GetFont, VI_DropFont ]
force	force output of graphics orders	[ VI_Force ]
image	draw an image	[ VI_MImage, VI_FImage ]
init	initialize and terminate the subroutine interface	[ VI_Init, VI_Term ]
intro	introduction to display graphics subroutines
line	draw a line	[ VI_ALine, VI_RLine ]
log	begin logging subroutine calls and close a log file	[ VI_Login, VI_Logout ]
merge	set merge mode	[ VI_Merge ]
move	move the current point	[ VI_AMove, VI_RMove ]
query	query graphics parameters	[ VI_QClip, VI_QColor, VI_QDash, VI_QFont, VI_QMerge, VI_QPoint, VI_QWidth ]
read	read display data	[ VI_MRead, VI_FRead ]
run	process a log file	[ VI_Run ]
string	draw a string	[ VI_String ]
tile	tile a rectangle	[ VI_Tile ]
width	set line width	[ VI_Width ]

3M. Math Library

acos	trigonometric functions and their inverses	[ sin, cos, tan, asin, acos, atan, atan2 ]
acosh	inverse hyperbolic functions	[ asinh, acosh, atanh ]
asin	trigonometric functions and their inverses	[ sin, cos, tan, asin, acos, atan, atan2 ]
asinh	inverse hyperbolic functions	[ asinh, acosh, atanh ]
atan	trigonometric functions and their inverses	[ sin, cos, tan, asin, acos, atan, atan2 ]
atan2	trigonometric functions and their inverses	[ sin, cos, tan, asin, acos, atan, atan2 ]
atanh	inverse hyperbolic functions	[ asinh, acosh, atanh ]
cabs	Euclidean distance, complex absolute value	[ hypot, cabs ]
cbrt	cube root, square root	[ cbrt, sqrt ]
ceil	absolute value, floor, ceiling functions	[ fabs, floor, ceil ]
copysign	copysign, remainder, exponent manipulations	[ copysign, drem, finite, logb, scalb ]
cos	trigonometric functions and their inverses	[ sin, cos, tan, asin, acos, atan, atan2 ]
cosh	hyperbolic functions	[ sinh, cosh, tanh ]
drem	copysign, remainder, exponent manipulations	[ copysign, drem, finite, logb, scalb ]
erf	error functions	[ erf, erfc ]
erfc	error functions	[ erf, erfc ]
exp	exponential, logarithm, power	[ exp, expm1, log, log10, log1p, pow ]
expm1	exponential, logarithm, power	[ exp, expm1, log, log10, log1p, pow ]
fabs	absolute value, floor, ceiling functions	[ fabs, floor, ceil ]
finite	copysign, remainder, exponent manipulations	[ copysign, drem, finite, logb, scalb ]
floor	absolute value, floor, ceiling functions	[ fabs, floor, ceil ]
gamma	log gamma function	[ lgamma ]
hypot	Euclidean distance, complex absolute value	[ hypot, cabs ]
ieee	copysign, remainder, exponent manipulations	[ copysign, drem, finite, logb, scalb ]
infnan	signals invalid floating-point operations on a VAX (temporary)
j0	Bessel functions	[ j0, j1, jn, y0, y1, yn ]
j1	Bessel functions	[ j0, j1, jn, y0, y1, yn ]
jn	Bessel functions	[ j0, j1, jn, y0, y1, yn ]
lgamma	log gamma function
log	exponential, logarithm, power	[ exp, expm1, log, log10, log1p, pow ]
log10	exponential, logarithm, power	[ exp, expm1, log, log10, log1p, pow ]
log1p	exponential, logarithm, power	[ exp, expm1, log, log10, log1p, pow ]
logb	copysign, remainder, exponent manipulations	[ copysign, drem, finite, logb, scalb ]
math	introduction to mathematical library functions
pow	exponential, logarithm, power	[ exp, expm1, log, log10, log1p, pow ]
scalb	copysign, remainder, exponent manipulations	[ copysign, drem, finite, logb, scalb ]
sin	trigonometric functions and their inverses	[ sin, cos, tan, asin, acos, atan, atan2 ]
sinh	hyperbolic functions	[ sinh, cosh, tanh ]
sqrt	cube root, square root	[ cbrt, sqrt ]
tan	trigonometric functions and their inverses	[ sin, cos, tan, asin, acos, atan, atan2 ]
tanh	hyperbolic functions	[ sinh, cosh, tanh ]
y0	Bessel functions	[ j0, j1, jn, y0, y1, yn ]
y1	Bessel functions	[ j0, j1, jn, y0, y1, yn ]
yn	Bessel functions	[ j0, j1, jn, y0, y1, yn ]

3N. Network Support Library

addr	Internet address manipulation routines	[ inet_addr, inet_network, inet_ntoa, inet_makeaddr, inet_lnaof, inet_netof ]
byteorder	convert values between host and network byte order	[ htonl, htons, ntohl, ntohs ]
endhostent	get network host entry	[ gethostbyname, gethostbyaddr, gethostent, sethostent, endhostent ]
endnetent	get network entry	[ getnetent, getnetbyaddr, getnetbyname, setnetent, endnetent ]
endprotoent	get protocol entry	[ getprotoent, getprotobynumber, getprotobyname, setprotoent, endprotoent ]
endservent	get service entry	[ getservent, getservbyport, getservbyname, setservent, endservent ]
ethers	Ethernet address mapping operations (NFS only)	[ ethers, ether_ntoa, ether_aton, ether_ntohost, ether_hostton, ether_line ]
gethostbyaddr	get network host entry	[ gethostbyname, gethostbyaddr, gethostent, sethostent, endhostent ]
gethostbyname	get network host entry	[ gethostbyname, gethostbyaddr, gethostent, sethostent, endhostent ]
gethostent	get network host entry	[ gethostbyname, gethostbyaddr, gethostent, sethostent, endhostent ]
getnetbyaddr	get network entry	[ getnetent, getnetbyaddr, getnetbyname, setnetent, endnetent ]
getnetbyname	get network entry	[ getnetent, getnetbyaddr, getnetbyname, setnetent, endnetent ]
getnetent	get network entry	[ getnetent, getnetbyaddr, getnetbyname, setnetent, endnetent ]
getprotobyname	get protocol entry	[ getprotoent, getprotobynumber, getprotobyname, setprotoent, endprotoent ]
getprotobynumber	get protocol entry	[ getprotoent, getprotobynumber, getprotobyname, setprotoent, endprotoent ]
getprotoent	get protocol entry	[ getprotoent, getprotobynumber, getprotobyname, setprotoent, endprotoent ]
getrpcbyname	get RPC entry (NFS only)	[ getrpcent, getrpcbyname, getrpcbynumber ]
getrpcbynumber	get RPC entry (NFS only)	[ getrpcent, getrpcbyname, getrpcbynumber ]
getrpcent	get RPC entry (NFS only)	[ getrpcent, getrpcbyname, getrpcbynumber ]
getservbyname	get service entry	[ getservent, getservbyport, getservbyname, setservent, endservent ]
getservbyport	get service entry	[ getservent, getservbyport, getservbyname, setservent, endservent ]
getservent	get service entry	[ getservent, getservbyport, getservbyname, setservent, endservent ]
htonl	convert values between host and network byte order	[ htonl, htons, ntohl, ntohs ]
htons	convert values between host and network byte order	[ htonl, htons, ntohl, ntohs ]
inet	Internet address manipulation routines	[ inet_addr, inet_network, inet_ntoa, inet_makeaddr, inet_lnaof, inet_netof ]
inet_addr	Internet address manipulation routines	[ inet_addr, inet_network, inet_ntoa, inet_makeaddr, inet_lnaof, inet_netof ]
inet_lnaof	Internet address manipulation routines	[ inet_addr, inet_network, inet_ntoa, inet_makeaddr, inet_lnaof, inet_netof ]
inet_makeaddr	Internet address manipulation routines	[ inet_addr, inet_network, inet_ntoa, inet_makeaddr, inet_lnaof, inet_netof ]
inet_netof	Internet address manipulation routines	[ inet_addr, inet_network, inet_ntoa, inet_makeaddr, inet_lnaof, inet_netof ]
inet_network	Internet address manipulation routines	[ inet_addr, inet_network, inet_ntoa, inet_makeaddr, inet_lnaof, inet_netof ]
inet_ntoa	Internet address manipulation routines	[ inet_addr, inet_network, inet_ntoa, inet_makeaddr, inet_lnaof, inet_netof ]
network	Internet address manipulation routines	[ inet_addr, inet_network, inet_ntoa, inet_makeaddr, inet_lnaof, inet_netof ]
ns	Xerox NS(tm) address conversion routines	[ ns_addr, ns_ntoa ]
ns_addr	Xerox NS(tm) address conversion routines	[ ns_addr, ns_ntoa ]
ns_ntoa	Xerox NS(tm) address conversion routines	[ ns_addr, ns_ntoa ]
ntoa	Internet address manipulation routines	[ inet_addr, inet_network, inet_ntoa, inet_makeaddr, inet_lnaof, inet_netof ]
ntohl	convert values between host and network byte order	[ htonl, htons, ntohl, ntohs ]
ntohs	convert values between host and network byte order	[ htonl, htons, ntohl, ntohs ]
rpc	library routines for remote procedure calls (NFS only)
sethostent	get network host entry	[ gethostbyname, gethostbyaddr, gethostent, sethostent, endhostent ]
sethostfile	get network host entry	[ gethostbyname, gethostbyaddr, gethostent, sethostent, endhostent ]
setnetent	get network entry	[ getnetent, getnetbyaddr, getnetbyname, setnetent, endnetent ]
setprotoent	get protocol entry	[ getprotoent, getprotobynumber, getprotobyname, setprotoent, endprotoent ]
setservent	get service entry	[ getservent, getservbyport, getservbyname, setservent, endservent ]
xdr	library routines for external data representation (NFS only)
yp_all	yellow pages client interface (NFS only)	[ ypclnt, yp_get_default_domain, yp_bind, yp_unbind, yp_match, yp_first, yp_next, yp_all, yp_order, yp_master, yperr_string, ypprot_err ]
yp_bind	yellow pages client interface (NFS only)	[ ypclnt, yp_get_default_domain, yp_bind, yp_unbind, yp_match, yp_first, yp_next, yp_all, yp_order, yp_master, yperr_string, ypprot_err ]
yp_first	yellow pages client interface (NFS only)	[ ypclnt, yp_get_default_domain, yp_bind, yp_unbind, yp_match, yp_first, yp_next, yp_all, yp_order, yp_master, yperr_string, ypprot_err ]
yp_get_default_domain	yellow pages client interface (NFS only)	[ ypclnt, yp_get_default_domain, yp_bind, yp_unbind, yp_match, yp_first, yp_next, yp_all, yp_order, yp_master, yperr_string, ypprot_err ]
yp_master	yellow pages client interface (NFS only)	[ ypclnt, yp_get_default_domain, yp_bind, yp_unbind, yp_match, yp_first, yp_next, yp_all, yp_order, yp_master, yperr_string, ypprot_err ]
yp_match	yellow pages client interface (NFS only)	[ ypclnt, yp_get_default_domain, yp_bind, yp_unbind, yp_match, yp_first, yp_next, yp_all, yp_order, yp_master, yperr_string, ypprot_err ]
yp_next	yellow pages client interface (NFS only)	[ ypclnt, yp_get_default_domain, yp_bind, yp_unbind, yp_match, yp_first, yp_next, yp_all, yp_order, yp_master, yperr_string, ypprot_err ]
yp_order	yellow pages client interface (NFS only)	[ ypclnt, yp_get_default_domain, yp_bind, yp_unbind, yp_match, yp_first, yp_next, yp_all, yp_order, yp_master, yperr_string, ypprot_err ]
yp_unbind	yellow pages client interface (NFS only)	[ ypclnt, yp_get_default_domain, yp_bind, yp_unbind, yp_match, yp_first, yp_next, yp_all, yp_order, yp_master, yperr_string, ypprot_err ]
ypclnt	yellow pages client interface (NFS only)	[ ypclnt, yp_get_default_domain, yp_bind, yp_unbind, yp_match, yp_first, yp_next, yp_all, yp_order, yp_master, yperr_string, ypprot_err ]
yperr_string	yellow pages client interface (NFS only)	[ ypclnt, yp_get_default_domain, yp_bind, yp_unbind, yp_match, yp_first, yp_next, yp_all, yp_order, yp_master, yperr_string, ypprot_err ]
ypprot_err	yellow pages client interface (NFS only)	[ ypclnt, yp_get_default_domain, yp_bind, yp_unbind, yp_match, yp_first, yp_next, yp_all, yp_order, yp_master, yperr_string, ypprot_err ]

3R. RPC Library (intro)

getrpcport	get RPC port number (NFS only)
intro	introduction to RPC service library functions (NFS only)
mountrpc	remote mount protocol (NFS only)
rex	remote execution protocol (NFS only)
rnusers	remote users protocol (NFS only)	[ rnusers, rusers ]
rquota	remote quota protocol (NFS only)
rusers	remote users protocol (NFS only)	[ rnusers, rusers ]
rwall	remote write protocol (NFS only)
yppasswd	update user password in yellow pages (NFS only)

3S. Standard I/O Library

clearerr	stream status inquiries	[ ferror, feof, clearerr, fileno ]
fclose	close or flush a stream	[ fclose, fflush ]
fdopen	open a stream	[ fopen, freopen, fdopen ]
feof	stream status inquiries	[ ferror, feof, clearerr, fileno ]
ferror	stream status inquiries	[ ferror, feof, clearerr, fileno ]
fflush	close or flush a stream	[ fclose, fflush ]
fgetc	get character or word from stream	[ getc, getchar, fgetc, getw ]
fgets	get a string from a stream	[ gets, fgets ]
fileno	stream status inquiries	[ ferror, feof, clearerr, fileno ]
fopen	open a stream	[ fopen, freopen, fdopen ]
fprintf	formatted output conversion	[ printf, fprintf, sprintf ]
fputc	put character or word on a stream	[ putc, putchar, fputc, putw ]
fputs	put a string on a stream	[ puts, fputs ]
fread	buffered binary input/output	[ fread, fwrite ]
freopen	open a stream	[ fopen, freopen, fdopen ]
fscanf	formatted input conversion	[ scanf, fscanf, sscanf ]
fseek	reposition a stream	[ fseek, ftell, rewind ]
ftell	reposition a stream	[ fseek, ftell, rewind ]
fwrite	buffered binary input/output	[ fread, fwrite ]
getc	get character or word from stream	[ getc, getchar, fgetc, getw ]
getchar	get character or word from stream	[ getc, getchar, fgetc, getw ]
gets	get a string from a stream	[ gets, fgets ]
getw	get character or word from stream	[ getc, getchar, fgetc, getw ]
printf	formatted output conversion	[ printf, fprintf, sprintf ]
putc	put character or word on a stream	[ putc, putchar, fputc, putw ]
putchar	put character or word on a stream	[ putc, putchar, fputc, putw ]
puts	put a string on a stream	[ puts, fputs ]
putw	put character or word on a stream	[ putc, putchar, fputc, putw ]
rewind	reposition a stream	[ fseek, ftell, rewind ]
scanf	formatted input conversion	[ scanf, fscanf, sscanf ]
setbuf	assign buffering to a stream	[ setbuf, setbuffer, setlinebuf ]
setbuffer	assign buffering to a stream	[ setbuf, setbuffer, setlinebuf ]
setlinebuf	assign buffering to a stream	[ setbuf, setbuffer, setlinebuf ]
sprintf	formatted output conversion	[ printf, fprintf, sprintf ]
sscanf	formatted input conversion	[ scanf, fscanf, sscanf ]
stdio	standard buffered input/output package
ungetc	push character back into input stream

3X. Miscellaneous Functions

XAddHost	control host access	[ XAddHost, XAddHosts, XListHosts, XRemoveHost, XRemoveHosts, XSetAccessControl, XEnableAccessControl, XDisableAccessContro ]
XAllColor	allocate and free colors	[ XAllocColor, XAllocNamedColor, XAllocColorCells, XAllocColorPlanes, XFreeColors ]
XAllEvents	continue frozen event processing	[ XAllowEvents ]
XCKControl	manipulate keyboard settings	[ XChangeKeyboardControl, XGetKeyboardControl, XAutoRepeatOn, XAutoRepeatOff, XBell, XQueryKeymap ]
XCKMapping	manipulate keyboard encoding	[ XChangeKeyboardMapping, XGetKeyboardMapping, XSetModifierMapping, XGetModifierMapping, XNewModifierMap, XInsertModifiermapEntry, XDeleteModifiermapEntry, XFreeModifierMap ]
XCPControl	control pointer	[ XChangePointerControl, XGetPointerControl ]
XCSSet	change a client’s save set	[ XChangeSaveSet, XAddToSaveSet, XRemoveFromSaveSet ]
XCWAttrib	change window attributes	[ XChangeWindowAttributes, XSetWindowBackground, XSetWindowBackgroundPixmap, XSetWindowBorder, XSetWindowBorderPixmap ]
XClearArea	clear windows	[ XClearArea, XClearWindow ]
XConfigWin	configure windows	[ XConfigureWindow, XMoveWindow, XResizeWindow, XMoveResizeWindow, XSetWindowBorderWidth ]
XCopyArea	copy areas	[ XCopyArea, XCopyPlane ]
XCreCmap	create, copy, or destroy colormaps	[ XCreateColormap, XCopyColormapAndFree, XFreeColormap, XSetWindowColormap ]
XCreFCur	create cursors	[ XCreateFontCursor, XCreatePixmapCursor, XCreateGlyphCursor ]
XCreGC	create and free graphics contexts	[ XCreateGC, XCopyGC, XChangeGC, XFreeGC ]
XCreImage	image utilities	[ XCreateImage, XGetPixel, XPutPixel, XSubImage, XAddPixel, XDestroyImage ]
XCrePmap	create and destroy pixmaps	[ XCreatePixmap, XFreePixmap ]
XCreReg	create and destroy regions	[ XCreateRegion, XSetRegion, XDestroyRegion ]
XCreWin	create windows	[ XCreateWindow, XCreateSimpleWindow ]
XDefCur	define cursors	[ XDefineCursor, XUndefineCursor ]
XDesWin	destroy windows	[ XDestroyWindow, XDestroySubwindows ]
XDrArc	draw arcs	[ XDrawArc, XDrawArcs ]
XDrIString	draw image text	[ XDrawImageString, XDrawImageString16 ]
XDrLine	draw lines and polygons	[ XDrawLine, XDrawLines, XDrawSegments ]
XDrPoint	draw points	[ XDrawPoint, XDrawPoints ]
XDrRect	draw rectyangles	[ XDrawRectangle, XDrawRectangles ]
XDrString	draw text characters	[ XDrawString, XDrawString16 ]
XDrText	draw polytext text	[ XDrawText, XDrawText16 ]
XERegion	determine if regions are empty or equal	[ XEmptyRegion, XEqualRegion ]
XFillRect	fill rectangles, polygons, or arcs	[ XFillRectangle, XFillRectangles, XFillPolygon, XFillArc, XFillArcs ]
XFlush	basic error handling	[ XFlush, XSync, XEventsQueued, XPending, XNextEvent, XPeekEvent ]
XFree	free client data	[ XFree, XNoOp ]
XGetDef	get X program defaults	[ XGetDefault ]
XGetRes	retrieve database resources and search lists	[ XrmGetResource, XrmQGetResource, XrmQGetSearchList, XrmQGetSearchResource ]
XGetVInfo	obtain visual information	[ XGetVisualInfo, XMatchVisualInfo ]
XGetWAttr	get current window attribute or geometry	[ XGetWindowAttributes, XGetGeometry ]
XGetWProp	obtain and change window properties	[ XGetWindowProperty, XListProperties, XChangeProperty, XRotateWindowProperties, XDeleteProperty ]
XGrButton	manipulate the pointer	[ XGrabButton, XUngrabButton ]
XGrKey	manipulate the keyboard	[ XGrabKey, XUngrabKey ]
XGrKeybrd	manipulate the keyboard	[ XGrabKeyboard, XUngrabKeyboard ]
XGrPntr	manipulate the pointer	[ XGrabPointer, XUngrabPointer, XChangeActivePointerGrab ]
XGrServer	manipulate the keyboard	[ XGrabServer, XUngrabServer ]
XIfEvent	check the event queue	[ XIfEvent, XCheckIfEvent, XPeekIfEvent ]
XInitial	initialize the Resource Manager and parse the command line	[ XrmInitialize, XrmParseCommand ]
XInstCmap	install colormaps	[ XInstallColormap, XUninstallColormap, XListInstalledColormaps ]
XInterReg	region arthmetic	[ XIntersectRegion, XUnionRegion, XUnionRectWithRegion, XSubtractRegion, XXorRegion, XOffsetRegion, XShrinkRegion, XPointInRegion, XRectInRegion ]
XInternA	create and return atom names	[ XInternAtom, XGetAtomName ]
XListFont	obtain and free font names	[ XListFonts, XFreeFontNames ]
XLoadFont	manipulate fonts	[ XLoadFont, XQueryFont, XListFontsWithInfo, XFreeFontInfo, XLoadQueryFont, XFreeFont, XGetFontProperty, XUnloadFont, XGContextFromGC ]
XLookKsym	handle keyboard input events	[ XLookupKeysym, XRefreshKeyboardMapping, XLookupString, XRebindKeySym ]
XMDBases	manipulate resource databases	[ XrmMergeDatabases, XrmGetFileDatabase, XrmPutFileDatabase, XrmGetStringDatabase ]
XMapWin	map windows	[ XMapWinow, XMapRaised, XMapSubwindows ]
XOpDsply	connect or disconnect to X server	[ XOpenDisplay, XCloseDisplay, XNoOp ]
XParGeom	parse window geometry and color	[ XParseGeometry, XGeometry, XParseColor ]
XPolyReg	generate regions	[ XPolygonRegion, XClipBox ]
XPutBEvnt	put events back on the queue	[ XPutBackEvent ]
XPutImage	transfer images	[ XPutImage, XGetImage, XGetSubImage ]
XPutRes	store database resources	[ XrmPutResource, XrmQPutResource, XrmPutStringResource, XrmQPutStringResource, XrmPutLineResource ]
XQBSize	determine efficient sizes	[ XQueryBestSize, XQueryBestTile, XQueryBestStipple ]
XQColor	obtain color values	[ XQueryColor, XQueryColors, XLookupColor ]
XQPointer	get pointer coordinates	[ XQueryPointer ]
XQTree	query window tree information	[ XQueryTree ]
XRaiseWin	change window stacking order	[ XRaiseWindow, XLowerWindow, XCirculateSubwindows, XCirculateSubwindowsUp, XCirculateSubwindowsDown, XRestackWindows ]
XReadBF	manipulate bitmaps	[ XReadBitmapFile, XWriteBitmapFile, XCreatePixmapFromBitmapData, XCreateBitmapFromData ]
XRecCur	manipulate cursors	[ XRecolorCursor, XFreeCursor, XQueryBestCursor ]
XReparWin	reparent windows	[ XReparentWindow ]
XSContext	manipulate the context manager	[ XSaveContext, XFindContext, XDeleteContext, XUniqueContext ]
XSInput	select input events	[ XSelectInput ]
XSeArcMod	GC convience routines	[ XSetArcMode, XSetSubwindowMode, XSetGraphicsExposure ]
XSeClassHs	set or get class hint	[ XSetClassHint, XGetClassHint ]
XSeClipO	GC convience routines	[ XSetClipOrigin, XSetClipMask, XSetClipRectangles ]
XSeClosDM	control clients	[ XSetCloseDownMode, XKillClient ]
XSeCommnd	set command atom	[ XSetCommand ]
XSeErrHan	default error handlers	[ XSetErrorHandler, XGetErrorText, XGetErrorDatabaseText, XDisplayName, XSetIOErrorHandler ]
XSeFillS	GC convience routines	[ XSetFillStyle, XSetFillRule ]
XSeFont	GC convience routines	[ XSetFont ]
XSeFontP	set, get, or free the font search path	[ XSetFontPath, XGetFontPath, XFreeFontPath ]
XSeIcName	set or get icon names	[ XSetIconName, XGetIconName ]
XSeIconSHs	set or get icon size hints	[ XSetIconSizes, XGetIconSizes ]
XSeInFocus	control input focus	[ XSetInputFocus, XGetInputFocus ]
XSeLAttr	GC convience routines	[ XSetLineAttribute, XSetDashes ]
XSeNormHs	set or get normal state hints	[ XSetNormalHints, XGetNormalHints ]
XSePMap	manipulate pointer settings	[ XSetPointerMapping, XGetPointerMapping ]
XSeScSav	manipulate the screen saver	[ XSetScreenSaver, XForceScreenSaver, XActivateScreenSaver, XResetScreenSaver, XGetScreenSaver ]
XSeSelOwn	manipulate window selection	[ XSetSelectionOwner, XGetSelectionOwner, XConvertSelection ]
XSeSizeHs	set or get window size hints	[ XSetSizeHints, XGetSizeHints ]
XSeStandC	set or get standard colormaps	[ XSetStandardColormap, XGetStandardColormap ]
XSeStandP	set standard window manager properties	[ XSetStandardProperties ]
XSeState	GC convience routines	[ XSetState, XSetFunction, XSetPlanemask, XSetForeground, XSetBackground ]
XSeTile	GC convience routines	[ XSetTile, XSetStipple, XSetTSOrigin ]
XSeTransHs	set or get transient for hint	[ XSetTransientForHint, XGetTransientForHint ]
XSeWMHs	set or get window manager hints	[ XSetWMHints, XGetWMHints ]
XSeZoomHs	set or get zoom state hints	[ XSetZoomHints, XGetZoomHints ]
XStBytes	manipulate cut and paste buffers	[ XStoreBytes, XStoreBuffer, XFetchBytes, XFetchBuffer, XRotateBuffers ]
XStColors	set colors	[ XStoreColors, XStoreColor, XStoreNamedColor ]
XStName	set or get window names	[ XStoreName, XFetchName ]
XStTKeysym	convert keysyms	[ XStringToKeysym, XKeysymToString, XKeycodeToKeysym, XKeysymToKeycode ]
XSync	enable or diable synchronization	[ XSynchronize, XSetAfterFunction ]
XTextExt	compute or query text extents	[ XTextExtents, XTextExtents16, XQueryTextExtents, XQueryTextExtents16 ]
XTextWid	compute text width	[ XTextWidth, XTextWidth16 ]
XTranWCo	translate window coordinates	[ XTranslateCoordinates ]
XUQuark	manipulate resource quarks	[ XrmUniqueQuark, XrmStringToQuark, XrmQuarkToString, XrmStringToQuarkList, XrmStringToBindingQuarkList ]
XUnmapWin	unmap windows	[ XUnmapWindow, XUnmapSubwindows ]
XWarpPntr	control input focus	[ XWarpPointer ]
XWinEvent	select event types	[ XWindowEvent, XCheckWindowEvent, XMaskEvent, XCheckMaskEvent, XCheckTypedEvent, XCheckTypedWindowEvent, XGetMotionEvents, XSendEvent ]
arc	graphics interface	[ plot: openpl, erase, label, line, circle, arc, move, cont, point, linemod, space, closepl ]
circle	graphics interface	[ plot: openpl, erase, label, line, circle, arc, move, cont, point, linemod, space, closepl ]
cont	graphics interface	[ plot: openpl, erase, label, line, circle, arc, move, cont, point, linemod, space, closepl ]
curses	screen functions with “optimal” cursor motion
dbm	data base subroutines	[ dbminit, fetch, store, delete, firstkey, nextkey ]
dbminit	data base subroutines	[ dbminit, fetch, store, delete, firstkey, nextkey ]
delete	data base subroutines	[ dbminit, fetch, store, delete, firstkey, nextkey ]
erase	graphics interface	[ plot: openpl, erase, label, line, circle, arc, move, cont, point, linemod, space, closepl ]
fetch	data base subroutines	[ dbminit, fetch, store, delete, firstkey, nextkey ]
firstkey	data base subroutines	[ dbminit, fetch, store, delete, firstkey, nextkey ]
fpa	direct interface to floating point accelerator
label	graphics interface	[ plot: openpl, erase, label, line, circle, arc, move, cont, point, linemod, space, closepl ]
lib2648	subroutines for the HP 2648 graphics terminal
line	graphics interface	[ plot: openpl, erase, label, line, circle, arc, move, cont, point, linemod, space, closepl ]
linemod	graphics interface	[ plot: openpl, erase, label, line, circle, arc, move, cont, point, linemod, space, closepl ]
move	graphics interface	[ plot: openpl, erase, label, line, circle, arc, move, cont, point, linemod, space, closepl ]
mp	multiple precision integer arithmetic	[ madd, msub, mult, mdiv, pow, gcd, invert, rpow, msqrt, mcmp, move, min, omin, fmin, m_in, mout, omout, fmout, m_out, sdiv, itom ]
nextkey	data base subroutines	[ dbminit, fetch, store, delete, firstkey, nextkey ]
openpl	graphics interface	[ plot: openpl, erase, label, line, circle, arc, move, cont, point, linemod, space, closepl ]
plot	graphics interface	[ plot: openpl, erase, label, line, circle, arc, move, cont, point, linemod, space, closepl ]
point	graphics interface	[ plot: openpl, erase, label, line, circle, arc, move, cont, point, linemod, space, closepl ]
space	graphics interface	[ plot: openpl, erase, label, line, circle, arc, move, cont, point, linemod, space, closepl ]
store	data base subroutines	[ dbminit, fetch, store, delete, firstkey, nextkey ]
termcap	terminal independent operation routines	[ tgetent, tgetnum, tgetflag, tgetstr, tgoto, tputs ]
tgetent	terminal independent operation routines	[ tgetent, tgetnum, tgetflag, tgetstr, tgoto, tputs ]
tgetflag	terminal independent operation routines	[ tgetent, tgetnum, tgetflag, tgetstr, tgoto, tputs ]
tgetnum	terminal independent operation routines	[ tgetent, tgetnum, tgetflag, tgetstr, tgoto, tputs ]
tgetstr	terminal independent operation routines	[ tgetent, tgetnum, tgetflag, tgetstr, tgoto, tputs ]
tgoto	terminal independent operation routines	[ tgetent, tgetnum, tgetflag, tgetstr, tgoto, tputs ]
tputs	terminal independent operation routines	[ tgetent, tgetnum, tgetflag, tgetstr, tgoto, tputs ]

4. Special Files and Hardware Support (intro)

acc	ACC LH/DH IMP interface
ad	Data Translation A/D converter
aedemul	graphics interfaces for the IBM Academic Information Systems experimental display
ap	asynchronous data mode protocol line discipline
asy	multi-port asynchronous communications RS232C interface
autoconf	diagnostics from the autoconfiguration code
bk	line discipline for machine-machine communication (obsolete)
bufemul	kernel buffering emulator
bus	control of access to the system I/O bus
cons	keyboard and console display interface
crl	VAX 8600 console RL02 interface
css	DEC IMP-11A LH/DH IMP interface
ct	phototypesetter interface
ddn	DDN Standard Mode X.25 IMP interface
de	DEC DEUNA 10 Mb/s Ethernet interface
dfs	dos file system
dhu	DHU-11 communications multiplexer
disk	format of reserved areas of the hard disk
dmc	DEC DMC-11/DMR-11 point-to-point communications device
dmz	DMZ-32 terminal multiplexor
dn	DN-11 autocall unit interface
drum	paging device
ec	3Com 10 Mb/s Ethernet interface
en	Xerox 3 Mb/s Ethernet interface
ex	Excelan 10 Mb/s Ethernet interface
fd	diskette interface
fl	console floppy interface
hd	hard disk interface
hdh	ACC IF-11/HDH IMP interface
hk	RK6-11/RK06 and RK07 moving head disk
hp	MASSBUS disk interface
ht	TM-03/TE-16,TU-45,TU-77 MASSBUS magtape interface
hy	Network Systems Hyperchannel interface
ibm5081	IBM 5081 Display with MegaPel adapter interface	[ ibm5081, mpel ]
ibm5151	IBM 5151 Monochrome Display interface	[ ibm5151, mono ]
ibm5154	IBM 5154 Enhanced Graphics Display interface	[ ibm5154, ega ]
ibm6153	IBM 6153 Advanced Monochrome Graphics Display interface	[ ibm6153, apa8 ]
ibm6154	IBM 6154 Advanced Color Graphics Display interface	[ ibm6154, apa8c ]
ibm6155	IBM 6155 Extended Monochrome Graphics Display interface	[ ibm6155, apa16 ]
ibm8514	IBM 8514/A Display adapter for the ibm8514, ibm8604, ibm85xx
ibmaed	IBM Academic Information Systems experimental display interface	[ ibmaed, aed ]
ibmemul	IBM 3101 emulator
ik	Ikonas frame buffer, graphics device interface
il	Interlan NI1010 10 Mb/s Ethernet interface
imp	1822 network interface
intro	introduction to special files and hardware support
ix	Interlan Np100 10 Mb/s Ethernet interface
kbdemul	default keyboard emulator
kg	KL-11/DL-11W line clock
kmem	memory devices	[ mem, kmem, kmem1, kmem2, kmem4, ros, afpamem, pcmem, pc0a, rpc0a ]
lan	IBM RT PC Token-Ring Adapter
lo	software loopback network interface
lp	line printer
mem	memory devices	[ mem, kmem, kmem1, kmem2, kmem4, ros, afpamem, pcmem, pc0a, rpc0a ]
mouse	mouse interface
mt	TM78/TU-78 MASSBUS magtape interface
mtio	magtape interface
np	Interlan Np100 10 Mb/s Ethernet interface
nsip	software network interface encapsulating ns packets in ip packets.
null	data sink
pcl	DEC CSS PCL-11 B Network Interface
ps	PostScript printer
psp	planar serial port RS232C interface
pty	pseudo terminal driver
qe	DEC DEQNA Q-bus 10 Mb/s Ethernet interface
rx	DEC RX02 floppy disk interface
sc	IBM 9332 disks using the IBM Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) Adapter
speaker	console speaker interface
st	streaming-tape interface
stdemul	standard output emulator
tb	line discipline for digitizing devices
tm	TM-11/TE-10 magtape interface
tmscp	DEC TMSCP magtape interface
ts	TS-11 magtape interface
tty	general terminal interface
tu	VAX-11/730 and VAX-11/750 TU58 console cassette interface
uda	UDA-50 disk controller interface
un	IBM RT PC Baseband Adapter for use with Ethernet
up	unibus storage module controller/drives
ut	UNIBUS TU45 tri-density tape drive interface
uu	TU58/DECtape II UNIBUS cassette interface
va	Benson-Varian interface
vga	IBM Video Graphics Array planar adapter device driver for the IBM 8503, IBM 8513, IBM 8514, IBM 8604, IBM 85xx
vp	Versatec interface
vv	Proteon proNET 10 Megabit ring
xemul	X input emulator for queuing keyboard and mouse events

4F. Network Protocol Families

inet	Internet protocol family
ns	Xerox Network Systems(tm) protocol family

4N. Network Facilities (intro)

if	general properties of network interfaces (NFS only)
intro	introduction to networking facilities	[ networking ]
networking	introduction to networking facilities

4P. Network Protocols

arp	Address Resolution Protocol
icmp	Internet Control Message Protocol
idp	Xerox Internet Datagram Protocol
imp	IMP raw socket interface
ip	Internet Protocol
nfs	network file system (NFS only)	[ nfs, NFS ]
rvd	Remote Virtual Disk protocol
spp	Xerox Sequenced Packet Protocol
tcp	Internet Transmission Control Protocol
udp	Internet User Datagram Protocol

5. File Formats

L-devices	UUCP device description file
L-dialcodes	UUCP phone number index file
L.aliases	UUCP hostname alias file
L.cmds	UUCP remote command permissions file
L.sys	UUCP remote host description file
USERFILE	UUCP pathname permissions file
a.out	assembler and link editor output
acct	execution accounting file
aliases	aliases file for sendmail
ar	archive (library) file format
consoles	utility data base of display screens
core	format of memory image file
dbx	dbx symbol table information
dir	format of directories
disktab	disk description file
dump	incremental dump format	[ dump, dumpdates ]
dumpdates	incremental dump format	[ dump, dumpdates ]
exports	NFS file systems being exported (NFS only)
font3812	font structures for 3812 fonts
fs	format of file system volume	[ fs, inode ]
fstab	static information about the filesystems (includes NFS extensions)
gettytab	terminal configuration data base
group	group file (includes NFS extentions)
hosts.equiv	list of trusted hosts (with NFS extensions)
hosts	host name data base
inode	format of file system volume	[ fs, inode ]
keyboard_codes	keyboard scancode table
map3270	data base for mapping ASCII keystrokes into IBM 3270 keys
mntent	static information about filesystems (NFS and AFS)
mtab	mounted file system table (includes NFS extensions)
netgroup	list of network groups (NFS only)
networks	network name data base
passwd	password file (includes NFS extensions)
phones	remote host phone number data base
plot	graphics interface
printcap	printer capability data base
printer3812	IBM 3812 Pageprinter status information
protocols	protocol name data base
rc.config	configuration file for startup scripts (includes AFS and NFS extensions)
remote	remote host description file
resolver		[ resolver configuration file ]
rmtab	local file system mount statistics (NFS only)
rpc	rpc program number data base (NFS only)
rvddb	Remote Virtual Disk (RVD) server configuration table
rvdtab	information about client Remote Virtual Disks (RVDs)	[ /etc/rvd/rvdtab ]
services	service name data base
stab	symbol table types
statmon	statd directory and file structures (NFS only)	[ statmon, current, backup, state ]
tar	tape archive file format
termcap	terminal capability data base
tp	DEC/mag tape formats
ttys	terminal initialization data
types	primitive system data types
utmp	login records	[ utmp, wtmp ]
uuencode	format of an encoded uuencode file
vfont	font formats for the Benson-Varian or Versatec
vgrindefs	vgrind’s language definition data base
ypfiles	the yellowpages database and directory structure (NFS only)

6. Games

aardvark	yet another exploration game
adventure	an exploration game
arithmetic	provide drill in number facts
backgammon	the game
banner	print large banner on printer
battlestar	a tropical adventure game
bcd	convert to antique media
boggle	play the game of boggle
canfield	the solitaire card game canfield	[ canfield, cfscores ]
cfscores	the solitaire card game canfield	[ canfield, cfscores ]
chess	the game of chess
ching	the book of changes and other cookies
cribbage	the card game cribbage
doctor	interact with a psychoanalyst
fish	play “Go Fish”
fortune	print a random, hopefully interesting, adage
hangman	Computer version of the game hangman
hunt	a multi-player multi-terminal game
mille	play Mille Bournes
monop	Monopoly game
number	convert Arabic numerals to English
quiz	test your knowledge
rain	animated raindrops display
robots	fight off villainous robots
rogue	Exploring The Dungeons of Doom
sail	multi-user wooden ships and iron men
snake	display chase game	[ snake, snscore ]
snscore	display chase game	[ snake, snscore ]
trek	trekkie game
worm	Play the growing worm game
worms	animate worms on a display terminal
wump	the game of hunt-the-wumpus
zork	the game of dungeon

7. Miscellaneous Facilities (intro)

ascii	map of ASCII character set
environ	user environment
eqnchar	special character definitions for eqn
hier	file system hierarchy
intro	miscellaneous useful information pages	[ miscellaneous ]
mailaddr	mail addressing description
man	macros to typeset manual
me	macros for formatting papers
miscellaneous	miscellaneous useful information pages
ms	text formatting macros
term	conventional names for terminals

8. Maintenance Commands (intro)

ac	login accounting
accton	system accounting	[ sa, accton ]
adduser	procedure for adding new users
aedtest	IBM Academic Information Systems experimental display self-tests
bad144	read/write dec standard 144 bad sector information
badsect	create files to contain bad sectors
biod	NFS daemons (NFS only)	[ nfsd, biod ]
bugfiler	file bug reports in folders automatically
catman	create the cat files for the manual
chown	change owner
clri	clear i-node
config	build system configuration files
cron	clock daemon
cvt3812	convert IBM 3820 and IBM 3800 fonts for use with the IBM 3812 Pageprinter	[ cvt3812, cvt20to12, cvt00to12 ]
cvtsym	convert symbol table
dcheck	file system directory consistency check
debug	debugger for the IBM RT PC
diskpart	calculate default disk partition sizes
dmesg	collect system diagnostic messages to form error log
drtest	standalone disk test program
dump	incremental file system dump
dumpfs	dump file system information
edquota	edit user quotas
fastboot	reboot/halt the system without checking the disks	[ fastboot, fasthalt ]
fasthalt	reboot/halt the system without checking the disks	[ fastboot, fasthalt ]
fdisk	boot record partition table maintenance utility
fsck	file system consistency check and interactive repair
fsirand	install random inode generation numbers (NFS only)
getty	set terminal mode
halt	stop the processor
htable	convert NIC standard format host tables
ibm3812pp	IBM 3812 Pageprinter server
icheck	file system storage consistency check
inetd	internet “super−server” (includes NFS extensions)
init	process control initialization
intro	introduction to system maintenance and operation commands
kgmon	generate a dump of the operating system’s profile buffers
landump	dump IBM Token-Ring Personal Computer Adapter
ldfnt	4216 Personal Pageprinter font loader
ldps	4216 Personal Pageprinter program loader
lpc	line printer control program
lpd	line printer daemon
makedbm	make a yellow pages dbm file (NFS only)
makedev	make system special files
makekey	generate encryption key
makesym	make debugger symbol table
mkfs	construct a file system
mkhosts	generate hashed host table
mklost+found	make a lost+found directory for fsck
mknf	create and delete notesfiles	[ mknf, rmnf ]
mknod	build special file
mkpasswd	generate hashed password table
mkproto	construct a prototype file system
mount	mount and dismount filesystems (includes NFS extensions)	[ mount, umount ]
named	Internet domain name server
ncheck	generate names from i-numbers
newfs	construct a new file system
newsinput	notes-news gateway programs	[ newsoutput, newsinput ]
newsoutput	notes-news gateway programs	[ newsoutput, newsinput ]
newvd	create a new filesystem on a Remote Virtual Disk (RVD)
nfaccess	Add access rights to a set of Notesfiles
nfarchive	archive notesfiles
nfdump	notesfile dump/load programs	[ nfdump, nfload ]
nfload	notesfile dump/load programs	[ nfdump, nfload ]
nfmail	accept mail for a notesfile
nfrcv	notesfile networking programs	[ nfxmit, nfrcv ]
nfsd	NFS daemons (NFS only)	[ nfsd, biod ]
nfsstat	Network File System statistics (NFS only)
nfxmit	notesfile networking programs	[ nfxmit, nfrcv ]
notes	notesfile utility programs	[ mknf, rmnf, nfxmit, nfrcv, nfarchive, newsinput, newsoutput ]
omerge	merge object files
pac	printer/plotter accounting information
ping	send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts
ppt	spooling system filter for the IBM 3812 Pageprinter
pstat	print system facts
ptfinstall	install a Program Temporary Fix (PTF)
quot	summarize file system ownership (with NFS extensions)
quotacheck	file system quota consistency checker (includes NFS extensions)
quotaoff	turn file system quotas on and off (NFS only)	[ quotaon, quotaoff ]
quotaon	turn file system quotas on and off (NFS only)	[ quotaon, quotaoff ]
rc	command script for auto-reboot and daemons
reboot	bootstrapping procedures
renice	alter priority of running processes
repquota	summarize quotas for a file system
restore	incremental file system restore
restore.tape	install system from tape or over network	[ restore.tape, restore.net ]
rmnf	create and delete notesfiles	[ mknf, rmnf ]
rpcinfo	report RPC information (NFS only)
rvdchlog	change logging level of Remote Virtual Disk (RVD) server
rvdcopy	copy contents of one RVD disk pack to another
rvddown	force spindown of a Remote Virtual Disk (RVD) pack
rvdexch	exchange names of two Remote Virtual Disk (RVD) packs
rvdflush	spindown client’s Remote Virtual Disk (RVD) packs
rvdgetm	get operations message from Remote Virtual Disk (RVD) server
rvdhosts	print a list of RVD servers
rvdlog	cause Remote Virtual Disk (RVD) server to log statistics
rvdsend	send control stream to Remote Virtual Disk (RVD) server
rvdsetm	set operations message on Remote Virtual Disk (RVD) server
rvdshow	show connections to Remote Virtual Disk (RVD) server
rvdshut	force shutdown of Remote Virtual Disk (RVD) server
rvdsrv	Remote Virtual Disk (RVD) server daemon
sa	system accounting	[ sa, accton ]
savecore	save a core dump of the operating system
savervd	back up and restore Remote Virtual Disk (RVD) packs to and from tape	[ savervd, zaprvd, savephys ]
sendapar	send APAR
sendmail	send mail over the internet
setid	set user and group IDs
setscreen	control display screen access
showmount	show all remote mounts (NFS only)
shutdown	close down the system at a given time (includes NFS extensions)
spinup	spin up/down Remote Virtual Disk (RVD) pack	[ spinup, spindown ]
startvenus	start venus (8V) from parameters in /etc/vstab (AFS only)
sticky	persistent text and append-only directories
suspend	suspend unix and return to DOS (6152 only)
swapon	specify additional device for paging and swapping
sync	update the super block
syscall	system call interface program
syslogd	log systems messages
tailor	workstation customizing assistance
timed	time server daemon
timedc	timed control program
tunefs	tune up an existing file system
umount	mount and dismount filesystems (includes NFS extensions)	[ mount, umount ]
update	periodically update the super block
vdabort	abort and spin down a drive
vddb	Remote Virtual Disk (RVD) data base manager
vdstats	list client Remote Virtual Disk (RVD) statistics
venus	vice file system workstation process
viced	Start up Andrew File System Daemon (venus2)
vipw	edit the password file
whichfpa	prints floating point unit in use to standard output
width3812	build width tables for IBM 3812 Pageprinter fonts
ypbind	yellow pages server and binder processes (NFS only)	[ ypserv, ypbind ]
ypinit	build and install yellow pages database (NFS only)
ypmake	rebuild yellow pages database (NFS only)
yppoll	what version of a YP map is at a YP server host (NFS only)
yppush	force propagation of a changed YP map (NFS only)
ypserv	yellow pages server and binder processes (NFS only)	[ ypserv, ypbind ]
ypset	point ypbind to a particular server (NFS only)
ypwhich	tells which machine is the YP server (NFS only)
ypxfr	transfer a YP map from some YP server to here (NFS only)	[ ypxfr, ypxfr_1perday, ypxfr_1perhour, ypxfr_2perday ]
ypxfr_1perday	transfer a YP map from some YP server to here (NFS only)	[ ypxfr, ypxfr_1perday, ypxfr_1perhour, ypxfr_2perday ]
ypxfr_1perhour	transfer a YP map from some YP server to here (NFS only)	[ ypxfr, ypxfr_1perday, ypxfr_1perhour, ypxfr_2perday ]
ypxfr_2perday	transfer a YP map from some YP server to here (NFS only)	[ ypxfr, ypxfr_1perday, ypxfr_1perhour, ypxfr_2perday ]

8C. Network Services

XNSrouted	NS Routing Information Protocol daemon
arp	address resolution display and control
comsat	biff server
fingerd	remote user information server
ftpd	DARPA Internet File Transfer Protocol server
gettable	get NIC format host tables from a host
ifconfig	configure network interface parameters
implog	IMP log interpreter
implogd	IMP logger process
lockd	network lock daemon (NFS only)
mountd	NFS mount request server (NFS only)
portmap	DARPA port to RPC program number mapper (NFS only)
rdump	file system dump across the network
rexd	RPC-based remote execution server (NFS only)
rexecd	remote execution server
rlogind	remote login server (includes AFS extensions)
rmt	remote magtape protocol module
route	manually manipulate the routing tables
routed	network routing daemon
rrestore	restore a file system dump across the network
rshd	remote shell server (includes AFS extensions)
rstatd	kernel statistics server (NFS only)
rusersd	network username server (NFS only)
rwalld	network rwall server (NFS only)
rwhod	system status server
scsiformat	format the IBM 9332 disk unit
slattach	attach serial lines as network interfaces
spray	spray packets (NFS only)
sprayd	spray server (NFS only)
statd	network status monitor (NFS only)
talkd	remote user communication server
telnetd	DARPA TELNET protocol server
tftpd	DARPA Trivial File Transfer Protocol server
tnamed	DARPA Trivial name server (NFS only)
trpt	transliterate protocol trace
uucico	transfer files queued by uucp or uux	[ uucico, uucpd ]
uuclean	uucp spool directory clean-up
uucpd	transfer files queued by uucp or uux	[ uucico, uucpd ]
uupoll	poll a remote UUCP site
uusnap	show snapshot of the UUCP system
uuxqt	UUCP execution file interpreter
yppasswdd	server for modifying yellow pages password file (NFS only)

8R. Hardware Maintenance Commands

afpacode	load, test, and bring online the Advanced Floating Point Accelerator
crash	what happens when the system crashes
fdformat	format diskettes
flcopy	copier for diskettes
format	format hard disks
landump	dump IBM Token-Ring Personal Computer Adapter
lpfilter	output filters for the IBM 4201 Proprinter and IBM 5152 Graphics Printer	[ ibmbit, ibmgra, ibmpro ]
minidisk	minidisk maintenance utility
pstext	output filters for the IBM 4216 Personal Pageprinter	[ pstext, pps ]
sautil	standalone utility package

8V. VAX Compatibility Commands

arff	archiver and copier for floppy	[ arff, flcopy ]
crash	what happens when the system crashes
flcopy	archiver and copier for floppy	[ arff, flcopy ]
format	how to format disk packs
rxformat	format floppy disks

8c. Network Services

trsp

transliterate sequenced packet protocol trace

8r. Hardware Maintenance Commands

pps

Museum

Anchors

Manual — AOS 4.3

1. Commands (intro)

1C. Communications Commands

1G. Graphics Commands

2. System Calls (intro)

3. C Library (intro)

3C. Compatibility Routines

3F. FORTRAN Library (intro)

3G. Graphics Suboutines (intro)

3M. Math Library

3N. Network Support Library

3R. RPC Library (intro)

3S. Standard I/O Library

3X. Miscellaneous Functions

4. Special Files and Hardware Support (intro)

4F. Network Protocol Families

4N. Network Facilities (intro)

4P. Network Protocols

5. File Formats

6. Games

7. Miscellaneous Facilities (intro)

8. Maintenance Commands (intro)

8C. Network Services

8R. Hardware Maintenance Commands

8V. VAX Compatibility Commands

8c. Network Services

8r. Hardware Maintenance Commands