NAME

as − assembler

SYNOPSIS

as [ − ] [ −o objfile ] file ... 

DESCRIPTION

As assembles the concatenation of the named files.  If the optional first argument − is used, all undefined symbols in the assembly are treated as global. 

The output of the assembly is left on the file objfile; if that is omitted, a.out is used.  It is executable if no errors occurred during the assembly, and if there were no unresolved external references. 

FILES

/lib/as2   pass 2 of the assembler
/tmp/atm[1-3]?temporary
a.outobject

SEE ALSO

ld(1), nm(1), adb(1), a.out(5)
UNIX Assembler Manual by D. M. Ritchie

DIAGNOSTICS

When an input file cannot be read, its name followed by a question mark is typed and assembly ceases.  When syntactic or semantic errors occur, a single-character diagnostic is typed out together with the line number and the file name in which it occurred.  Errors in pass 1 cause cancellation of pass 2.  The possible errors are:

)Parentheses error
]Parentheses error
<String not terminated properly
*Indirection used illegally
.Illegal assignment to ‘.’
aError in address
bBranch instruction is odd or too remote
eError in expression
fError in local (‘f’ or ‘b’) type symbol
gGarbage (unknown) character
iEnd of file inside an if
mMultiply defined symbol as label
oWord quantity assembled at odd address
p‘.’ different in pass 1 and 2
rRelocation error
uUndefined symbol
xSyntax error

BUGS

Syntax errors can cause incorrect line numbers in following diagnostics. 

7th Edition  —  PDP11