DUMP(8) COMMAND REFERENCE DUMP(8)
NAME
dump - generalized dump utility
SYNOPSIS
/etc/dump key [ argument ... ] filesystem
DESCRIPTION
If a filesystem is specified, dump copies to specified media
all files changed after a certain date in that filesystem.
The key specifies the date and other options about the dump.
Key consists of characters from the set
0123456789bfuJsdWnFSX.
OPTIONS
0-9 This number is the `dump level'. All files modified
since the last date stored in the file /etc/dumpdates
for the same filesystem at lesser levels will be
dumped. If no date is determined by the level, the
beginning of time is assumed; thus the option 0 causes
the entire filesystem to be dumped. Levels 1-9 provide
for incremental dumps. For example if a filesystem is
dumped with level 4 on Tuesday and level 5 on
Wednesday, then Wednesday's dump contains those files
on that filesystem which changed after the Tuesday
dump.
b Use alternate buffer size. The number must follow key
specifications and will be interpreted as number of 1k
blocks (the default is 10k). The purpose of this
option is to speed dumps to certain media. If the S
option is specified, this is automatically set to 128
(i.e., 128k). This should not be used with flexible
disk media.
f Place the dump on the next argument file or device
instead of the default media. Target media can be 9
track tape, cartridge tape or flexible disk. The
device can be local or remote (LAN access), where
remote is indicated by a "node:" prefix to the
pathname. If the device is remote it must be owned by
daemon, as root privileges do not extend across the
LAN.
u This is necessary for incremental dumps. If the dump
completes successfully, write the date of the beginning
of the dump on file /etc/dumpdates. This file records a
separate date for each filesystem and each dump level.
The format of /etc/dumpdates is readable by people,
consisting of one free format record per line:
filesystem name, increment level and ctime(3c) format
dump date. /etc/dumpdates may be edited to change any
of the fields, if necessary.
Printed 10/17/86 1
DUMP(8) COMMAND REFERENCE DUMP(8)
s The size of the dump media is specified by the next
argument. When the specified size is reached, dump will
wait for media to be changed. The default size is 2000
feet for 9 track tapes 360k for flexible disk and 400
feet for cartridge tape.
d The density of the tape, expressed in BPI, is taken
from the next argument. This is used in calculating the
amount of tape used per volume. The default is 1600 for
9 track tape, and 8000 for cartridge.
W Dump tells the operator what file systems need to be
dumped. This information is gleaned from the files
/etc/dumpdates and /etc/fstab. The W option causes dump
to print out, for each file system in /etc/dumpdates
the most recent dump date and level, and highlights
those file systems that should be dumped. If the W
option is set, all other options and parameters are
ignored, and dump exits immediately.
w Is like W, but prints only those filesystems which need
to be dumped.
F Specifies flexible disk backup media (9-track tape is
default).
S Specifies streaming cartridge tape backup media (9-
track tape is default).
n Whenever dump requires operator attention, notify by
means similar to a wall(1) all of the operators in the
group "operator".
X Turn on debugging for remote dump operations (applies
to rdump only). This will result in the remote tape
handler program, rmt, putting a trace of what it does
in /tmp/rmt.log (on the host machine).
Dump requires operator intervention on these conditions:
end of media, end of dump, media write error, media open
error or disk read error (if there are more than a threshold
of 32). In addition to alerting all operators implied by
the key, dump interacts with the operator on dump's control
terminal at times when dump can no longer proceed, or if
something is grossly wrong. All questions dump poses must
be answered by typing yes or no, appropriately.
Since making a dump involves a lot of time and effort for
full dumps, dump checkpoints itself at the start of each
media volume. If writing that volume fails for some reason,
dump will, with operator permission, restart itself from the
checkpoint after the old tape has been rewound and removed,
Printed 10/17/86 2
DUMP(8) COMMAND REFERENCE DUMP(8)
and a new tape has been mounted.
Dump tells the operator what is going on at periodic
intervals, including usually low estimates of the number of
blocks to write, the number of volumes it will take, the
time to completion, and the time to the volume change. The
output is verbose, so that others know that the terminal
controlling dump is busy, and will be for some time.
EXAMPLES
/etc/dump 0fu /dev/tc /dev/dw00a
(dump entire filesystem "/dev/dw00a" to local device)
/etc/rdump 0fu nodename.name:/dev/rmt1 /dev/dw00a
(dump entire filesystem to remote device "/dev/rmt1" on
host "nodename" under control of userid "name")
/etc/dump 0fFu /dev/rdf /dev/dw00a
(dump entire filesystem to local flexible disk)
/etc/dump 0fbu /dev/rmt 60 /dev/dw00a
(dump entire filesystem to local 9 track tape with
buffering of 60k)
/etc/dump w
(ask dump to list filesystems that need to be dumped)
FILES
/dev/dw00a default filesystem
/dev/tc default target device (cartridge tape)
/etc/dumpdates new format dump date record
/etc/fstab Dump table: file systems and frequency
/etc/group to find group operator
SEE ALSO
fstab(5), restore(8), rrestore(8), rdump(8).
Printed 10/17/86 3
%%index%%
na:72,67;
sy:139,201;
de:340,536;
op:876,2255;3275,3024;6443,458;
ex:6901,671;
fi:7572,437;
se:8009,171;
%%index%%000000000138