NAME

ex, edit − text editor

SYNOPSIS

ex [ − ] [ −v ] [ −t tag ] [ −r ] [ +command ] name ... 
edit [ ex options ]

DESCRIPTION

Ex is the root of a family of editors: edit, ex and vi. Ex is a superset of edit, with the most notable extension being a display editing facility. Display based editing is the focus of vi.

If you have not used ed, or are a casual user, you will find that the editor edit is convenient for you.  It avoids some of the complexities of ex used mostly by systems programmers and persons very familiar with ed.

If you have a CRT terminal, you may wish to use a display based editor; in this case see vi(1), which is a command which focuses on the display editing portion of ex.

The following options are recognized:

− suppresses all interactive-user feedback, as when processing editor scripts in command files. 

−v Equivalent to using vi rather than ex.

−t Equivalent to an initial tag command, editing the file containing the tag and positioning the editor at its definition. 

−r Used in recovering after an editor or system crash, retrieving the last saved version of the named file.  If no file is specified, a list of saved files will be reported. 

+command
Indicates that the editor should begin by executing the specified command.  If command is omitted, then it defaults to $, positioning the editor at the last line of the first file initially.  Other useful commands here are scanning patterns of the form "/pat" or line numbers, e.g., +100 to start at line 100. 

Name arguments indicate files to be edited. 

Documentation

The document, Edit: A tutorial, provides a comprehensive introduction to edit assuming no previous knowledge of computers or the UNIX system. 

The Ex Reference Manual is a comprehensive and complete manual for the command mode features of ex, but you cannot learn to use the editor by reading it. For an introduction to more advanced forms of editing using the command mode of ex, see the editing documents written by Brian Kernighan for the editor ed; the material in the introductory and advanced documents works also with ex.

An Introduction to Display Editing with Vi introduces the display editor vi and provides reference material on vi. In addition, the Vi Quick Reference card summarizes the commands of vi in a useful, functional way, and is useful with the Introduction.

FILES

/usr/lib/ex3.7strings error messages

/usr/lib/ex3.7recover recover command

/usr/lib/ex3.7preserve preserve command

/etc/termcap describes capabilities of terminals

~/.exrc editor startup command file, user- created in home directory

/tmp/EXnnnnn editor temporary

/tmp/Rxnnnnn named buffer temporary

/usr/preserve preservation directory

EXAMPLE

ex text

would invoke the editor with the file named "text". 

SEE ALSO

awk(1), ed(1), grep(1), sed(1), vi(1)

BUGS

The undo command causes all marks to be lost on lines changed and then restored if the marked lines were changed. 

Undo never clears the buffer modified condition. 

The z command prints a number of logical rather than physical lines.  More than a screen full of output may result if long lines are present. 

File input/output errors don’t print a name if the command line "−" option is used. 

There is no easy way to do a single scan ignoring case. 

The editor does not warn if text is placed in named buffers and not used before exiting the editor. 

Null characters are discarded in input files, and cannot appear in resultant files. 

AUTHOR

William Joy and Mark Horton. 

Version 3.6  —  December 20, 1987