NAME

latcp − Local Area Transport (LAT) Control Program

SYNOPSIS

/usr/sbin/latcp [options]

OPTIONS

This section is organized by the tasks you can perform with the latcp command.  Each task subsection provides the latcp command syntax and the options to use to complete the tasks. 

Starting LAT

Syntax: latcp −s

−sStarts LAT and enables LAT connections.  If the following LAT parameters have not been set, they take on the default values:

       •Node name −− The default value is the host name. 

       •Multicast timer −− The default value is 60 seconds. 

       •Network adapter −− The default is all network adapters connected to broadcast media. 

       •Service name −− The default value is taken from the LAT node name parameter. This default service is an unbound interactive service. 

The following parameters are set to the following defaults for each service, unless specified:

       —
Service description −− The default value is “Tru64 UNIX Version X.X LAT SERVICE.”

       —
Rating −− The default is dynamic rating.

       —
Group code −− The default value is 0.

       •Outgoing port groups −− The default value is 0. 

       •Agent status −− The default is disabled. 

       •Maximum number of learned services −− The default value is 100. 

Halting LAT

Syntax: latcp −h

−hShuts down LAT and disables LAT connections. 

Adding a Service on a Host Node

Syntax: latcp −A −aservice [−idescription] [−o | −ptty_list]

−AAdds a service on the host node. 

−aservice
Specifies the name of the service to add. The service name must conform to the rules specified in the DESCRIPTION section. 

−idescription
Sets the service identification to the value specified by the description field.  The description field can contain up to 64 characters.  If the field contains more than one word, you must enclose the string in double quotation marks ("). If you do not specify a value for the description field, the default identification string (“Tru64 UNIX Version X.X LAT Service”) is used. 

−oIndicates that the service you are adding is an optional or dedicated service to be used by specialized applications (such as an application service). For example, you must use the −o option when adding the service used for the LAT/Telnet gateway.  Do not specify this option with the −p option. For more information, refer to the Network Administration manual. 

Services added without the −o option are default services.  These services are used for making interactive connections to the Tru64 UNIX LAT host through getty entries that are spawned from the /etc/inittab file. 

−ptty_list
Identifies this service as a bound interactive service, and binds the specified LAT terminal devices to the named service.  See lat_intro(7) for a description of bound services.  Do not specify this option with the −o option. 

The tty_list can be a single LAT terminal device or a list of LAT terminal devices separated by commas with no spaces.  The LAT terminal device name syntax is only restricted by the name of the LAT terminal device in the device directory.  The following example adds the bound interactive service siteapp and binds devices 620, 621, 622, and 623 to the service. 

# latcp -A -asiteapp -p620,621,622,623

Mapping an Application Port

Syntax: latcp −A −ptty −Hremote_node { −Rremote_port | −Vremote_service } [−Q] [−wpassword | −W]

−AMaps an application port on the host node. 

−ptty
Identifies the LAT terminal device to be mapped to an application port.  The LAT terminal device name syntax is only restricted by the name of the LAT terminal device in the device directory.

Application ports are typically not mapped using a LAT terminal device that is also used in the /etc/inittab file.  This is only done if a dedicated terminal device (tty) on a specific terminal is desired.  For information on how to provide a dedicated tty on a terminal, see the Network Administration manual. 

If a connection is to be made to a specific port for a service, specify the server port name. No default values are available for the input fields when creating an application port. 

−Hremote_node
Identifies the remote node (terminal server) to be mapped to the LAT terminal device specified by −ptty. The −H option is required for mapping application ports. The remote node name must conform to the rules specified in the DESCRIPTION section. 

−Rremote_port
Identifies the name of the remote port on a server that is to be mapped to the LAT terminal device specified by −ptty. The remote port name must conform to the rules specified in the DESCRIPTION section.  Do not use this option with the −V option. 

−Vremote_service
Identifies the service name offered by the server that is to be mapped to the LAT terminal device specified by −ptty. The service name must conform to the rules specified in the DESCRIPTION section.  Do not use this option with the −R option. 

−QSpecifies that the type of access requested is nonqueued.  There are two types of access requests: queued and nonqueued.  A queued or nonqueued request is accepted by the server if the remote port is free.  If the remote port is busy and queuing is enabled on the server, a queued request is queued on the server until the port becomes available; a nonqueued request is rejected immediately. 

If you do not specify the −Q option, the application port is set to queued by default. 

−wpassword | −W
Allows the user to specify the password for the remote service that will be accessed through the mapped application port.  When the remote service to be accessed has password checking enabled, this password is needed or the connection is rejected.  The password is not case sensitive and spaces are disallowed.

When using the −w option, the password is specified on the command line and is visible.  When the −W option is used, the user will be prompted for the password and it will not be echoed. 

The −w option should be used when adding this command to the LAT /etc/latstartup.conf startup file.  When you use this method, it is recommended that the /etc/latstartup.conf file have read and write permission for root only. 

To change (or remove) the password, delete the application port (latcp −D −ptty) and add it back with the new password (or without a password). 

Mapping an Outgoing Port

Syntax: latcp −A −ptty −O −V learned_service [−Hremote_node [−Rremote_port]] [−wpassword | −W]

−AMaps an port on the host node.  The −O option identifies the type of port. 

−ptty
Identifies the LAT terminal device to be mapped to an outgoing port.  The LAT terminal device name syntax is only restricted by the name of the LAT terminal device in the device directory.

−OIdentifies the mapped port as an outgoing port. 

−Vlearned_service
Identifies the service name offered by the remote node that is to be mapped to the LAT terminal device specified by −ptty. The service name must conform to the rules specified in the DESCRIPTION section. 

−Hremote_node
Identifies the remote node that provides the service specified by −Vlearned_Service. The −H option is optional when mapping an outgoing port. The remote node name must conform to the rules specified in the DESCRIPTION section. 

−Rremote_port
Identifies the name of the remote port on the remote node (remote_node) that provides the service specified by −Vlearned_service. The −R option must be specified with the −H option, but is optional. The remote port name must conform to the rules specified in the DESCRIPTION section. 

−wpassword | −W
Allows the user to specify the password for the remote service that will be accessed through the outgoing port.  When the remote service to be accessed has password checking enabled, this password is needed or the connection is rejected.  The password is not case sensitive and spaces are disallowed.

When using the −w option, the password is specified on the command line and is visible.  When the −W option is used, the user will be prompted for the password and it will not be echoed. 

The −w option should be used when adding this command to the LAT /etc/latstartup.conf startup file.  When you use this method, it is recommended that the /etc/latstartup.conf file have read and write permission for root only. 

To change (or remove) the password, delete the outgoing port (latcp −D −ptty) and add it back with the new password (or without a password). 

Adding a Reserved Service

Syntax: latcp −A −V reserved_service

−AAdds a reserved service on the host node. 

−Vreserved_service
Specifies the name of the reserved service to add.  A reserved service is a permanent entry in the learned services database.  The reserved service name must conform to the rules specified in the DESCRIPTION section. 

If the reserved service does not exist, a new reserved service is created.  If the specified reserved service is an existing learned service, the learned service is marked as a reserved service. 

Setting the Maximum Number of Learned Services

Syntax: latcp −ccount

−ccount
Sets the maximum number of learned services in the local learned services database to count.  The value of count can range from 0 to 1000. The actual number of learned services can range from 1 to 1000.  A value of zero (0) indicates that the maximum number of learned services is restricted by the amount of system memory.  By default, the maximum number of learned services is 100. 

Deleting Services and Ports

Syntax: latcp −D { −aservice | −vreserved_service | −ptty_list }

−DDeletes a service or reserved service, or unmaps an application port or outgoing port from the host node.  You must specify either a service (−a), a reserved service (−v), or a port (−p) with the −D option. 

−aservice
Specifies the service to be deleted.  When a service is deleted, active sessions associated with the service remain.

When a service is deleted, it is no longer available to terminal server users.  If a service name is not specified, an error message is generated. 

−vreserved_service
Specifies the name of the reserved service to be deleted. When a reserved service is deleted, active sessions associated with the service remain.

When a reserved service is deleted, it is removed from the learned service database on the host node. 

−ptty_list
Unmaps the specified list of LAT terminal devices from the application port or outgoing port to which they were bound.  The list can be a single LAT terminal device or a list of LAT terminal devices separated by commas.

When you delete a bound interactive service the ttys bound to it are unbound.  If the ttys remain in the /etc/inittab file they will become associated with any existing unbound interactive services. For more information, see the description in the Binding and Unbinding LAT Devices to Bound Interactive Services section. 

If there is only one unbound interactive service running on the system, you cannot delete it. 

When an application port is unmapped, the port is unmapped from its associated virtual terminal line; any active session remains active. 

Binding and Unbinding LAT Devices to Bound Interactive Services

Syntax: latcp [−ptty_list | −Ptty_list] [−aservice]

−ptty_list | −Ptty_list
Binds (−p) or unbinds (−P) the specified list of LAT terminal devices to the specified bound interactive service. The list can be a single LAT terminal device or a list of LAT terminal devices separated by commas. The following example binds LAT devices 620, 621, 622, and 623 to the bound interactive service siteapp.  Not that only the last component of the LAT terminal devices needs to be specified (for example, 620 instead of /dev/lat/620). 

# latcp -p 620,621,622,623 -asiteapp

When you bind LAT terminal devices to a service, they cannot be used for other services. 

When LAT terminal devices are unbound from a bound interactive service, the devices should be removed from the /etc/inittab file before you unbind them.  If the entries remain in the /etc/inittab file after you unbind them from the service, the getty process running on that device exits and is respawned.  When the getty process is respawned, the device becomes associated with the existing unbound interactive services.  If this behavior is not desired, remove the entries from the /etc/inittab file. 

−aservice
Specifies the service to be bound or unbound.

Setting the Service Identification

Syntax: latcp −idescription −aservice

−idescription
Sets the service identification to the specified value.  The description field can contain up to 64 characters.  If the field contains more than one word, you must enclose the string in double quotation marks ("). 

−aservice
Specifies the service for which you are changing the service identification.

The −aservice option is required.  The service name must conform to the rules specified in the DESCRIPTION section. 

Enabling and Disabling Service Node Groups

Syntax: latcp [−glist | −Glist] −aservice

−glist | −Glist
Enables (−g) and disables (−G) the service node groups specified in the list.  Group codes can range from 0 to 255.  Group 0 is enabled by default for all service nodes and servers. 

−aservice
Specifies the service name.  The −aservice option is required. The service name must conform to the rules specified in the DESCRIPTION section.  The following example specifies a single node group of 128 for the service siteapp:

# latcp -g 128 -asiteapp

If you enter a group list, use commas (,) to separate individual groups.  The following example shows multiple node groups being specified for the service transapp:

# latcp -g 56,5,102,10,20,30,40,50,60,...,
  110,150,200,210,255 -atransapp

If the string exceeds the width of the screen, it must wrap to the following line.  You cannot use a carriage return to break a string. Note that the individual group codes are separated by commas with no spaces. 

Enabling and Disabling Node Agent Status

Syntax: latcp [−j | −J]

−j | −J
Enables (−j) and disables (−J) node agent status. 

When a node tries to connect to a service that is not in its learned service database, it transmits a solicit message to request service information.  When a node with node agent status enabled receives a solicit message, the node responds with a response information message containing the service information, if it has information about the service. 

By default, node agent status is disabled to reduce the amount of network traffic from response information messages. You should leave node agent status disabled for this reason. 

Purging Non-Reserved Services

Syntax: latcp −Y

−YPurges all of the existing non-reserved learned services; reserved learned services are not purged. 

After the non-reserved learned services are purged, if the system receives a Service Announcement Message for a service, the service is added to the learned service database. 

Specifying Service Ratings

Syntax: latcp −xrating −aservice

−xrating
Specifying a rating of −1 causes service ratings to be calculated dynamically based on the node’s activity.  The service ratings are placed in service announcement messages multicasted to all LAT nodes.

Specifying a rating of 0 through 255 causes the rating to be static for the named service.  Specifying a service rating of 0 makes the service less available to users; specifying 255 makes the service highly available. 

The default rating is dynamic. 

−aservice
Specifies the service name.  The −aservice option is required. The service name must conform to the rules specified in the DESCRIPTION section. 

Setting the Node Name

Syntax: latcp −nnode

−nnode
Sets the node name to the name specified with the node argument. The node name specifies the name by which the node will be known.  The node name must be unique within the LAT network and must conform to the rules specified in the DESCRIPTION section. 

The default node name is the value of the utsname.nodename field defined in <sys/utsname.h>.  If the utsname.nodename field contains a period (.), the LAT node name is truncated to contain the characters (16 characters maximum) that occur before the first period. 

Setting the Multicast Transmission Timer

Syntax: latcp −mtime

−mtime
Sets multicast transmission timer to the specified time in seconds.  A node advertises its presence to other LAT nodes by sending out a multicast message over the network. The multicast timer determines the time between the multicast messages.  Valid intervals range from 10 to 180 seconds. (The default is 60 seconds.)

Displaying LAT Parameters on the Host Node

Syntax: latcp −d

−dDisplays LAT characteristics on the host node.  For example, the following command shows the LAT parameters at their current setting:

# /usr/sbin/latcp -d
Node name:  SERVICE1
Multicast timer:        60 seconds
LAT version:  5         ECO:    2
Outgoing Port Groups:   0
Selected Interface Name(s):     fza0  ln0
LAT Protocol is active
Agent Status: Disabled
Maximum Number of Learned Services: 100
Service information
        Service name:   SERVICE1
        Service ID:     Tru64 UNIX Version n.n LAT SERVICE
            Rating:         Dynamic         255
            Groups:         0
Service information
        Service name:   BOUNDSVC        (Bound)
        Service ID:     Tru64 UNIX Version n.n LAT SERVICE
        Rating:         Dynamic         255
        Groups:         0
        Ports:          620
Service information
        Service name:   DEDICATED       (Optional)
        Service ID:     Tru64 UNIX Version n.n LAT SERVICE
        Rating:         Dynamic         255
        Groups:         0

A service without Bound or Optional next to the name is an unbound interactive service.  For bound services, the display includes a Ports entry that shows the LAT terminal devices (ttys) that are bound to the bound interactive service. 

Displaying Learned Services

Syntax: latcp −d −l [−vlearned_service]

−dDisplays LAT characteristics specified by the following option. 

−lDisplays current learned services.  For example:

# /usr/sbin/latcp -d -l
Number of Available Services: 98
Available Services:
Service Name  Status     Identification
ADJECT        AVAILABLE  Tru64 UNIX Version Vn.n LAT SERVICE
ALFIKR        AVAILABLE  Tru64 UNIX Version Vn.n LAT SERVICE
ANDERSON      AVAILABLE  Tru64 UNIX Version Xn.n LAT SERVICE
ARCHIE        AVAILABLE  Tru64 UNIX Version Vn.n LAT SERVICE

−v learned_service
Displays information about learned_service.  The learned service name must conform to the rules specified in the DESCRIPTION section.  For example:

# /usr/sbin/latcp -d -l -vzipcode
Available Service: ZIPCODE
Node Name  Status     Rating  Identification
ZIPCODE    AVAILABLE  155     Tru64 UNIX Version Vn.n LAT SERVICE

Displaying LAT Characteristics for a Remote Node

Syntax: latcp −d −Hremote_node

−dDisplays LAT characteristics specified by the following option. 

−H remote_node
Displays characteristics for remote_node.  The remote node name must conform to the rules specified in the DESCRIPTION section. 

For example:

# /usr/sbin/latcp -d -Hzipcode
LATCP Remote Node Characteristics for ZIPCODE
Ethernet Address:  08-00-2b-39-ba-c8
LAT version:  5         ECO:    2
Identification: Tru64 UNIX Version Vn.n LAT NODE
Node Groups:    0
Number of Available Services: 1
Available Services:
Service Name   Status      Identification
ZIPCODE        AVAILABLE   Tru64 UNIX Version Vn.n LAT SERVICE

Displaying LAT Counters for Remote Nodes

Syntax: latcp −d −C

−dDisplays LAT characteristics specified by the following option. 

−CDisplays counter information for the remote nodes with which the host currently has a virtual circuit.  For example:

# /usr/sbin/latcp -d -C
LATCP Server Counters for SERVER1
 120  Seconds since last reset    0  Fwd out-of-seq messages
  22  Run messages received       0  Retransmitted messages
  26  Run messages transmitted    0  Bad circuit messages
  20  Slots received              0  Bad circuit slots
  22  Slots transmitted           0  Accepted host-initiated
 104  Bytes received              0  Rejected host-initiated
   0  Duplicate messages          0  Multiple nodes seen

Displaying LAT Counters for the Host Node

Syntax: latcp −d −N

−dDisplays LAT characteristics specified by the following option. 

−NDisplays counter information for the local host node.  For example:

# /usr/sbin/latcp -d -N
LATCP Node Counters
 160020  Seconds since last reset    0  Fwd out-of-seq messages
    283  Run messages received       0  Retransmitted messages
    301  Run messages transmitted    0  Bad circuit messages
    191  Slots received              0  Bad circuit slots
    191  Slots transmitted           0  Accepted host-initiated
    937  Bytes received              0  Rejected host-initiated
      0  Duplicate messages          0  Multiple nodes seen
LATCP Node Statistics
      2  Circuits created            0  Circuit timeouts
      9  Sessions created         2826  Service messages xmit
    285  Frames received          2826  Service messages recv
   3130  Frames transmitted       2826  Service messages used
      0  Illegal frames
LATCP Node Errors
      0  Circuit Start               0  HIC Solicit
      0  Circuit Run                 0  HIC Response
      0  Circuit Halt                0  HIC Command
      0  Service Announcement        0  HIC Status
      0  Other Message

Displaying Remote Node Addresses and Sessions

Syntax: latcp −d −S

−dDisplays LAT characteristics specified by the following option. 

−SDisplays the address of the remote nodes and the number of sessions with which the host currently has a virtual circuit.  For example:

# /usr/sbin/latcp -d -S
LATCP Server Characteristics for MABBAM
Ethernet address:  08-00-2B-a3-90-85
Number of Active Circuits: 1
Number of Active Sessions: 1

Displaying Port Characteristics on the Host Node

Syntax: latcp −d −P [−ptty_list | −L | −I | −O]

−dDisplays LAT characteristics specified by the following option. 

−PDisplays the characteristics for ports on the host node.  If this option is issued without an argument, all application ports, active interactive sessions, and outgoing ports on the host node are displayed. 

−ptty_list
Identifies the LAT terminal devices for which data is to be printed. The list can be a single LAT terminal device or a list of LAT terminal devices separated by commas.  Do not use with the −L, −I, and −O options. 

−LSets the display of port characteristics to display all application ports.  Do not use with the −p, −I, and −O options. 

−ISets the display of port characteristics to display all interactive ports.  Do not use with the −p, −L, and −O options. 

−OSets the display of port characteristics to display all outgoing ports. Do not use with the −p, −L, and −I options. 

Adding and Removing Adapters

Syntax: latcp [−eadapter | −Eadapter]

−eadapter | −Eadapter
Adds (−e) or removes (−E) the specified adapter to or from the list of adapters over which LAT can run. 

If no adapters are defined before you start LAT, latcp searches for all suitable adapters and starts LAT on them.  To prevent this from occurring, you can define adapters in the /etc/latstartup.conf file by including latcp −e commands for the specific adapters. 

If you remove an adapter, all active sessions running over the adapter are terminated.  If there is only one adapter on the system, you cannot delete it.  If you remove an adapter and add another one, issue a latcp −s command to force a service announcement message. 

Note that LAT is not supported over NetRAIN virtual interfaces or the adapters that compose NetRAIN sets. 

Clearing LAT Counters

Syntax: latcp −z

−zSets to zero all counters displayed by the −d −C and −d −N options. You can test system performance over time by setting the counters to zero and observing the information that accumulates. 

Resetting LAT Parameters

Syntax: latcp −r

−rResets the LAT parameters to the default values.  See the −s option for information. 

All services (except the default service) are deleted. If that service was an optional service, it is reset to a default service.  The default service is an unbound interactive service (added without the −o or −ptty_list options) which has the same name as the LAT node name.  This service is used for incoming interactive connections to the Tru64 UNIX LAT host through getty routines that are spawned in the /etc/inittab file. 

Note

All learned services and reserved services are not removed from the learned services database. 

Enabling or Disabling Outgoing Port Groups

Syntax: latcp [−ulist | −Ulist]

−ulist | −Ulist
Enables (−u) or disables (−U) the outgoing port groups specified in the list.  Outgoing port groups range from 0 to 255. Group 0 is enabled by default. 

If you enter a group list, use commas (,) to separate individual groups.  If the string exceeds the width of the screen, it must wrap to the following line; do not use a carriage return to break a string.  Individual group codes are separated by commas with no spaces.  For example:

# latcp -u 1,10,100,200

Outgoing port groups restrict access to services in the network that belong to the specified groups.  Your local system can access only those service nodes associated with the outgoing port groups specified. 

DESCRIPTION

The latcp utility provides the essential functions for LAT control and management.  It allows nonprivileged users to display host, port, circuit, and server information and privileged users to perform the following tasks:

       •Add, delete, change, and display service and port attributes

       •Add and delete network interface adapters

       •Add, delete, and display reserved services

       •Bind and unbind LAT devices to specific services

       •Map and unmap outgoing LAT devices to remote services

       •Change the node name

       •Enable and disable node group codes, node agent status, and outgoing port groups

       •Purge non-reserved learned services

       •Set and display maximum number of learned services

       •Display learned services

       •Display remote node information

       •Change service rating

       •Display and reset counter information

       •Start and stop the LAT driver

When LAT automatic startup and shutdown is enabled, the /sbin/init.d/lat script is executed upon reaching run level 3.  When this script is executed, it reads and executes the latcp commands in the /etc/latstartup.conf file (if it exists). 

Note

If your system is a member of a cluster, you must create the /etc/latstartup.conf file as a Context-Dependent Symbolic Link (CDSL).  See the System Administration guide for more information. 

LAT automatic startup and shutdown can be enabled or disabled with the latsetup utility.  See the Network Administration manual for additional information. 

The latcp program only effects one operation per invocation. Therefore, you can only specify one command on a command line. 

For introductory information on LAT, see the lat_intro(7) reference page. 

Service, Node, and Port Names

Some of the options require that you specify a name for the service, node, or port.  The names can contain 1 to 16 of the following ASCII characters:

       •Uppercase letters A to Z

       •Lowercase letters a to z

Lowercase letters are converted to uppercase. 

       •Digits 0 to 9

       •Period (.) 

       •Underscore (_)

       •Hyphen (-)

You cannot use a hyphen as the first character. 

FILES

/dev/streams/lat
Specifies the LAT control device.

SEE ALSO

Commands: llogin(1), latsetup(8)

NetworkServices: lat_intro(7), lat_manual_setup(7)

Network Administration