OSF

NAME

route − Manually manipulates the routing tables

SYNOPSIS

route [-nqv] command [modifiers] [args]

FLAGS

-nPrevents attempts to print host and network names symbolically when reporting actions. 

-vCauses additional details to be printed. 

-qSuppresses all output. 

DESCRIPTION

The route command is a program used to manually manipulate the network routing tables.  It normally is not needed, as a system routing table management daemon, such as gated or routed, should tend to this task. 

The route command accepts five commands:

addto add a route

flushto remove all routes

deleteto delete a specific route

changeto change aspects of a route (such as its gateway)

monitorto report any changes to the routing information base, routing lookup misses, or suspected network partionings. 

The monitor command has the syntax:

route [-n] monitor

The flush command has the syntax:

route [-n] flush [family]

where the address family may be specified by any of the -xns or -inet keywords. 

The other commands have the following syntax:

route [-n] command [-net|-host] destination gateway

where destination is the destination host or network, and gateway is the next hop and gateway to which packets should be addressed.  Routes to a particular host are distinguished from those to a network by interpreting the Internet address associated with destination.  The optional keywords -net and -host force the destination to be interpreted as a network or a host, respectively.  Otherwise, if the destination has a local address part of INADDR_ANY, or if the destination is the symbolic name of a network, then the route is assumed to be to a network; otherwise, it is presumed to be a route to a host. 

For example, 128.32 is interpreted as -host 128.0.0.32, 128.32.130 is interpreted as -host 128.32.0.130; -net 128.32 is interpreted as 128.32.0.0, and -net 128.32.130 is interpreted as 128.32.130.0. 

If the route is via an interface rather than via a gateway, the -interface modifier should be specified; the gateway given is the address of this host on the common network, indicating the interface to be used for transmission. 

The optional modifier -xns specifies that all subsequent addresses are in the XNS address families, and the names must be numeric specifications rather than symbolic names. 

The optional modifiers -rtt, -rttvar, -sendpipe, -recvpipe, -mtu, -hopcount, -expire, and -ssthresh provide initial values to metrics maintained in the routing entry.  These may be individually locked by preceding each such modifier to be locked by the -lock meta-modifier, or one can specify that all ensuing metrics may be locked by the -lockrest meta-modifier. 

All symbolic names specified for a destination or gateway are looked up first as a hostname using gethostbyname(3).  If this lookup fails, getnetbyname(3) is then used to interpret the name as that of a network. 

The route command uses a routing socket and the new message types RTM_ADD, RTM_DELETE, and RTM_CHANGE.  As such, only the superuser may modify the routing tables. 

If the flush command is specified, route will flush the routing tables of all gateway entries.  One can choose to flush only those routes whose destinations are of a given address family by specifying an optional keyword describing which address family. 

EXAMPLES

     1.To add gateway 555.555.44.5 as a default gateway, enter:

route   add   default   555.555.44.5

     2.To add a route to host milan via gateway 555.555.44.5, enter:

route   add   -host   milan  555.555.44.5  -hopcount  2

where 2 is the distance in hops to the host. 

     3.To delete an existing route 555.555.44.5 to host milan, enter:

route   delete   -host   milan   555.555.44.5

DIAGNOSTICS

Add [host | network] %s: gateway %s flags %x
The specified route is being added to the tables.  The values printed are from the routing table entry supplied in the ioctl call.  If the gateway address used was not the primary address of the gateway (the first one returned by gethostbyname), the gateway address is printed numerically as well as symbolically. 

Delete [ host | network ] %s: gateway %s flags %x
As above, but when deleting an entry.

%s %s done
When the −f flag is specified, each routing table entry deleted is indicated with a message of this form. 

Network is unreachable
An attempt to add a route failed because the gateway listed was not on a directly connected network.  The next hop gateway must be given.

Not in table
A delete operation was attempted for an entry that was not present in the tables.

Routing table overflow
An add operation was attempted, but the system was low on resources and was unable to allocate memory to create the new entry.

FILES

/usr/sbin/route
Specifies the command path

RELATED INFORMATION

Commands:  routed(8), gated(8)

Files:  netintro(4)