| adb | debugger | |
| ar | archive and library maintainer | |
| as | assembler | |
| at | execute commands at a later time | |
| awk | pattern scanning and processing language | |
| bas | basic | |
| basename | strip filename affixes | |
| bc | arbitrary-precision arithmetic language | |
| cal | print calendar | |
| calendar | reminder service | |
| cat | catenate and print | |
| cb | C program beautifier | |
| cc | C compiler | [ cc, pcc ] |
| cd | change working directory | |
| chmod | change mode | |
| chown | change owner or group | [ chown, chgrp ] |
| cmp | compare two files | |
| col | filter reverse line feeds | |
| comm | select or reject lines common to two sorted files | |
| cp | copy | |
| crypt | encode/decode | |
| date | print and set the date | |
| dc | desk calculator | |
| dd | convert and copy a file | |
| deroff | remove nroff, troff, tbl and eqn constructs | |
| diff | differential file comparator | |
| diff3 | 3-way differential file comparison | |
| du | summarize disk usage | |
| echo | echo arguments | |
| ed | text editor | |
| eqn | typeset mathematics | [ eqn, neqn, checkeq ] |
| expr | evaluate arguments as an expression | |
| f77 | Fortran 77 compiler | |
| factor | factor a number, generate large primes | [ factor, primes ] |
| file | determine file type | |
| find | find files | |
| grep | search a file for a pattern | [ grep, egrep, fgrep ] |
| intro | introduction to commands | |
| join | relational database operator | |
| kill | terminate a process with extreme prejudice | |
| ld | loader | |
| lex | generator of lexical analysis programs | |
| lint | a C program verifier | |
| ln | make a link | |
| login | sign on | |
| look | find lines in a sorted list | |
| lookall | look through all text files on UNIX | |
| lorder | find ordering relation for an object library | |
| ls | list contents of directory | |
| m4 | macro processor | |
| mail | send or receive mail among users | |
| make | maintain program groups | |
| man | print sections of this manual | |
| mesg | permit or deny messages | |
| mkdir | make a directory | |
| mv | move or rename files and directories | |
| newgrp | log in to a new group | |
| nice | run a command at low priority | [ nice, nohup ] |
| nm | print name list | |
| od | octal dump | |
| passwd | change login password | |
| pr | print file | |
| prep | prepare text for statistical processing | |
| prof | display profile data | |
| ps | process status | |
| ptx | permuted index | |
| pubindex | make inverted bibliographic index | |
| pwd | working directory name | |
| ranlib | convert archives to random libraries | |
| ratfor | rational Fortran dialect | |
| refer | find and insert literature references in documents | [ refer, lookbib ] |
| rev | reverse lines of a file | |
| rm | remove (unlink) files | [ rm, rmdir ] |
| roff | format text | |
| sed | stream editor | |
| sh | command language | [ sh, for, case, if, while, :, ., break, continue, cd, eval, exec, exit, export, login, newgrp, read, readonly, set, shift, times, trap, umask, wait ] |
| size | size of an object file | |
| sleep | suspend execution for an interval | |
| sort | sort or merge files | |
| spell | find spelling errors | [ spell, spellin, spellout ] |
| split | split a file into pieces | |
| strip | remove symbols and relocation bits | |
| struct | structure Fortran programs | |
| stty | set terminal options | |
| su | substitute user id temporarily | |
| sum | sum and count blocks in a file | |
| tabs | set terminal tabs | |
| tail | deliver the last part of a file | |
| tar | tape archiver | |
| tbl | format tables for nroff or troff | |
| tc | photypesetter simulator | |
| tee | pipe fitting | |
| test | condition command | |
| time | time a command | |
| tk | paginator for the Tektronix 4014 | |
| touch | update date last modified of a file | |
| tp | manipulate tape archive | |
| tr | translate characters | |
| troff | text formatting and typesetting | [ troff, nroff ] |
| true | provide truth values | [ true, false ] |
| tsort | topological sort | |
| tty | get terminal name | |
| uniq | report repeated lines in a file | |
| units | conversion program | |
| wait | await completion of process | |
| wc | word count | |
| who | who is on the system | |
| write | write to another user | |
| xsend | secret mail | [ xsend, xget, enroll ] |
| yacc | yet another compiler-compiler | |
| access | determine accessibility of file | |
| acct | turn accounting on or off | |
| alarm | schedule signal after specified time | |
| brk | change core allocation | [ brk, sbrk, break ] |
| chdir | change default directory | [ chdir, chroot ] |
| chmod | change mode of file | |
| chown | change owner and group of a file | |
| close | close a file | |
| creat | create a new file | |
| dup | duplicate an open file descriptor | [ dup, dup2 ] |
| exec | execute a file | [ execl, execv, execle, execve, execlp, execvp, exec, exece, environ ] |
| exit | terminate process | |
| fork | spawn new process | |
| getpid | get process identification | |
| getuid | get user and group identity | [ getuid, getgid, geteuid, getegid ] |
| indir | indirect system call | |
| intro | introduction to system calls and error numbers | [ intro, errno ] |
| ioctl | control device | [ ioctl, stty, gtty ] |
| kill | send signal to a process | |
| link | link to a file | |
| lock | lock a process in primary memory | |
| lseek | move read/write pointer | [ lseek, tell ] |
| mknod | make a directory or a special file | |
| mount | mount or remove file system | [ mount, umount ] |
| mpx | create and manipulate multiplexed files | |
| mpxcall | multiplexor and channel interface | |
| nice | set program priority | |
| open | open for reading or writing | |
| pause | stop until signal | |
| phys | allow a process to access physical addresses | |
| pipe | create an interprocess channel | |
| pkon | establish packet protocol | [ pkon, pkoff ] |
| profil | execution time profile | |
| ptrace | process trace | |
| read | read from file | |
| setuid | set user and group ID | [ setuid, setgid ] |
| signal | catch or ignore signals | |
| stat | get file status | [ stat, fstat ] |
| stime | set time | |
| sync | update super-block | |
| time | get date and time | [ time, ftime ] |
| times | get process times | |
| umask | set file creation mode mask | |
| unlink | remove directory entry | |
| utime | set file times | |
| wait | wait for process to terminate | |
| write | write on a file | |
| abort | generate IOT fault | |
| abs | integer absolute value | |
| atof | convert ASCII to numbers | [ atof, atoi, atol ] |
| crypt | DES encryption | [ crypt, setkey, encrypt ] |
| ctime | convert date and time to ASCII | [ ctime, localtime, gmtime, asctime, timezone ] |
| ctype | character classification | [ isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, iscntrl, isascii ] |
| ecvt | output conversion | [ ecvt, fcvt, gcvt ] |
| end | last locations in program | [ end, etext, edata ] |
| frexp | split into mantissa and exponent | [ frexp, ldexp, modf ] |
| getenv | value for environment name | |
| getgrent | get group file entry | [ getgrent, getgrgid, getgrnam, setgrent, endgrent ] |
| getlogin | get login name | |
| getpass | read a password | |
| getpw | get name from UID | |
| getpwent | get password file entry | [ getpwent, getpwuid, getpwnam, setpwent, endpwent ] |
| intro | introduction to library functions | |
| l3tol | convert between 3-byte integers and long integers | [ l3tol, ltol3 ] |
| malloc | main memory allocator | [ malloc, free, realloc, calloc ] |
| mktemp | make a unique file name | |
| monitor | prepare execution profile | |
| nlist | get entries from name list | |
| perror | system error messages | [ perror, sys_errlist, sys_nerr ] |
| pkopen | packet driver simulator | [ pkopen, pkclose, pkread, pkwrite, pkfail ] |
| qsort | quicker sort | |
| rand | random number generator | [ rand, srand ] |
| setjmp | non-local goto | [ setjmp, longjmp ] |
| sleep | suspend execution for interval | |
| string | string operations | [ strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, index, rindex ] |
| swab | swap bytes | |
| system | issue a shell command | |
| ttyname | find name of a terminal | [ ttyname, isatty, ttyslot ] |
| exp | exponential, logarithm, power, square root | [ exp, log, log10, pow, sqrt ] |
| floor | absolute value, floor, ceiling functions | [ fabs, floor, ceil ] |
| hypot | euclidean distance | [ hypot, cabs ] |
| j0 | bessel functions | [ j0, j1, jn, y0, y1, yn ] |
| sin | trigonometric functions | [ sin, cos, tan, asin, acos, atan, atan2 ] |
| sinh | hyperbolic functions | [ sinh, cosh, tanh ] |
| fclose | close or flush a stream | [ fclose, fflush ] |
| ferror | stream status inquiries | [ feof, ferror, clearerr, fileno ] |
| fopen | open a stream | [ fopen, freopen, fdopen ] |
| fread | buffered binary input/output | [ fread, fwrite ] |
| fseek | reposition a stream | [ fseek, ftell, rewind ] |
| getc | get character or word from stream | [ getc, getchar, fgetc, getw ] |
| gets | get a string from a stream | [ gets, fgets ] |
| popen | initiate I/O to/from a process | [ popen, pclose ] |
| printf | formatted output conversion | [ printf, fprintf, sprintf ] |
| putc | put character or word on a stream | [ putc, putchar, fputc, putw ] |
| puts | put a string on a stream | [ puts, fputs ] |
| scanf | formatted input conversion | [ scanf, fscanf, sscanf ] |
| setbuf | assign buffering to a stream | |
| stdio | standard buffered input/output package | |
| ungetc | push character back into input stream | |