Manual — UNIX SysIII

1. Commands (intro)

300	handle special functions of DASI 300 and 300s terminals	[ 300, 300s ]
300S	handle special functions of DASI 300 and 300s terminals	[ 300, 300s ]
300s	handle special functions of DASI 300 and 300s terminals	[ 300, 300s ]
4014	paginator for the Tektronix 4014 terminal
450	handle special functions of the DASI 450 terminal
acctcom	search and print process accounting file(s)
adb	debugger
admin	create and administer SCCS files
ar	archive and library maintainer
arcv	convert archive files from PDP-11 to VAX-11/780 format
as.pdp	assembler for PDP-11	[ as ]
as.vax	assembler for VAX-11/780	[ as ]
awk	pattern scanning and processing language
banner	make posters
basename	deliver portions of path names	[ basename, dirname ]
bc	arbitrary-precision arithmetic language
bdiff	big diff
bfs	big file scanner
bs	a compiler/interpreter for modest-sized programs
cal	print calendar
calendar	reminder service
cat	concatenate and print files
cb	C program beautifier
cc	C compiler	[ cc, pcc ]
cd	change working directory
cdc	change the delta commentary of an SCCS delta
checkcw	prepare constant-width text for troff	[ cw, checkcw ]
checkeq	format mathematical text for nroff or troff	[ eqn, neqn, checkeq ]
chgrp	change owner or group	[ chown, chgrp ]
chmod	change mode
chown	change owner or group	[ chown, chgrp ]
cmp	compare two files
col	filter reverse line-feeds
comb	combine SCCS deltas
comm	select or reject lines common to two sorted files
cp	copy, link or move files	[ cp, ln, mv ]
cpio	copy file archives in and out
cref	make cross-reference listing
crypt	encode/decode
csplit	context split
cut	cut out selected fields of each line of a file
cw	prepare constant-width text for troff	[ cw, checkcw ]
date	print and set the date
dc	desk calculator
dd	convert and copy a file
delta	make a delta (change) to an SCCS file
deroff	remove nroff/troff, tbl, and eqn constructs
df	report number of free disk blocks
diff	differential file comparator
diff3	3-way differential file comparison
diffmk	mark differences between files
dircmp	directory comparison
dirname	deliver portions of path names	[ basename, dirname ]
du	summarize disk usage
echo	echo arguments
ed	text editor
efl	Extended Fortran Language
egrep	search a file for a pattern	[ grep, egrep, fgrep ]
env	set environment for command execution
eqn	format mathematical text for nroff or troff	[ eqn, neqn, checkeq ]
expr	evaluate arguments as an expression
f77	Fortran 77 compiler
factor	factor a number, generate large primes	[ factor, primes ]
false	provide truth values	[ true, false ]
fgrep	search a file for a pattern	[ grep, egrep, fgrep ]
file	determine file type
find	find files
get	get a version of an SCCS file
getopt	parse command options
greek	select terminal filter
grep	search a file for a pattern	[ grep, egrep, fgrep ]
help	ask for help
hp	handle special functions of HP 2640 and 2621-series terminals
hyphen	find hyphenated words
id	print user and group IDs and names
intro	introduction to commands and application programs
join	relational database operator
kas	assembler for the KMC11 microprocessor
kill	terminate a process
kun	un-assembler for the KMC11/DMC11 microprocessor
ld	link editor
lex	generate programs for simple lexical tasks
line	read one line
lint	a C program checker
ln	copy, link or move files	[ cp, ln, mv ]
login	sign on
logname	get login name
lorder	find ordering relation for an object library
lpr	line printer spooler
ls	list contents of directories
m4	macro processor
mail	send mail to users or read mail	[ mail, rmail ]
make	maintain, update, and regenerate groups of programs
man	print entries in this manual
mesg	permit or deny messages
mkdir	make a directory
mm	print out documents formatted with the MM macros
mmchek	check usage of mm macros and eqn delimiters
mmt	typeset documents, view graphs, and slides	[ mmt, mvt ]
mv	copy, link or move files	[ cp, ln, mv ]
mvt	typeset documents, view graphs, and slides	[ mmt, mvt ]
neqn	format mathematical text for nroff or troff	[ eqn, neqn, checkeq ]
newgrp	log in to a new group
news	print news items
nice	run a command at low priority
nl	line numbering filter
nm	print name list
nohup	run a command immune to hangups and quits
nroff	typeset or format text	[ troff, nroff ]
od	octal dump
pack	compress and expand files	[ pack, pcat, unpack ]
passwd	change login password
paste	merge same lines of several files or subsequent lines of one file
pcat	compress and expand files	[ pack, pcat, unpack ]
pcc	C compiler	[ cc, pcc ]
pr	print files
primes	factor a number, generate large primes	[ factor, primes ]
prof	display profile data
prs	print an SCCS file
ps	report process status
ptx	permuted index
pwd	working directory name
ratfor	rational Fortran dialect
reform	reformat text file
regcmp	regular expression compile
rm	remove files or directories	[ rm, rmdir ]
rmail	send mail to users or read mail	[ mail, rmail ]
rmdel	remove a delta from an SCCS file
rmdir	remove files or directories	[ rm, rmdir ]
rsh	restricted shell (command interpreter)
sact	print current SCCS file editing activity
scc	C compiler for stand-alone programs
sccsdiff	compare two versions of an SCCS file
sdb	symbolic debugger
sdiff	side-by-side difference program
sed	stream editor
sh	shell, the standard command programming language
size	size of an object file
sleep	suspend execution for an interval
sno	SNOBOL interpreter
sort	sort and/or merge files
spell	find spelling errors	[ spell, spellin, spellout ]
spellin	find spelling errors	[ spell, spellin, spellout ]
spellout	find spelling errors	[ spell, spellin, spellout ]
split	split a file into pieces
strip	remove symbols and relocation bits
stty	set the options for a terminal
su	become super-user or another user
sum	sum and count blocks in a file
tabs	set tabs on a terminal
tail	deliver the last part of a file
tar	tape file archiver
tbl	format tables for nroff or troff
tc	phototypesetter simulator
tee	pipe fitting
test	condition evaluation command
time	time a command
timex	time a command and generate a system activity report
touch	update access and modification times of a file
tp	manipulate tape archive
tr	translate characters
troff	typeset or format text	[ troff, nroff ]
true	provide truth values	[ true, false ]
tsort	topological sort
tty	get the terminal’s name
typo	find possible typographical errors
umask	set file-creation mode mask
uname	print name of current UNIX
unget	undo a previous get of an SCCS file
uniq	report repeated lines in a file
units	conversion program
unpack	compress and expand files	[ pack, pcat, unpack ]
val	validate SCCS file
vc	version control
vpr	Versatec printer spooler
wait	await completion of process
wc	word count
what	identify SCCS files
who	who is on the system
write	write to another user
xargs	construct argument list(s) and execute command
xref	cross reference for C programs
yacc	yet another compiler-compiler

1C. Communications Commands

ct	call terminal
cu	call another UNIX system
dpd	HONEYWELL sending daemons, line printer daemon	[ dpd, odpd, lpd ]
dpr	off-line print
fget.demon	file retrieval daemons	[ fget.demon, fget.odemon ]
fget	retrieve files from the HONEYWELL 6000
fget.odemon	file retrieval daemons	[ fget.demon, fget.odemon ]
fsend	send files to the HONEYWELL 6000
gath	gather files and/or submit RJE jobs	[ send, gath ]
gcat	send phototypesetter output to the HONEYWELL 6000
gcosmail	send mail to HIS user
lpd	HONEYWELL sending daemons, line printer daemon	[ dpd, odpd, lpd ]
odpd	HONEYWELL sending daemons, line printer daemon	[ dpd, odpd, lpd ]
orjestat	RJE status and enquiries	[ rjestat ]
rjestat	RJE status report and interactive status console
send	gather files and/or submit RJE jobs	[ send, gath ]
uucp	unix to unix copy	[ uucp, uulog, uuname ]
uulog	unix to unix copy	[ uucp, uulog, uuname ]
uuname	unix to unix copy	[ uucp, uulog, uuname ]
uupick	public UNIX-to-UNIX file copy	[ uuto, uupick ]
uustat	uucp status inquiry and job control
uuto	public UNIX-to-UNIX file copy	[ uuto, uupick ]
uux	unix to unix command execution
vpmc	compiler for the virtual protocol machine
vpmsnap	load the KMC11-B; print VPM traces	[ vpmstart, vpmsnap, vpmtrace ]
vpmstart	load the KMC11-B; print VPM traces	[ vpmstart, vpmsnap, vpmtrace ]
vpmtrace	load the KMC11-B; print VPM traces	[ vpmstart, vpmsnap, vpmtrace ]

1G. Graphics Commands

erase	graphical device routines and filters	[ hpd, erase, hardcopy, tekset, td ]
gdev	graphical device routines and filters	[ hpd, erase, hardcopy, tekset, td ]
ged	graphical editor
graph	draw a graph
graphics	access graphical and numerical commands
gutil	graphical utilities
hardcopy	graphical device routines and filters	[ hpd, erase, hardcopy, tekset, td ]
hpd	graphical device routines and filters	[ hpd, erase, hardcopy, tekset, td ]
spline	interpolate smooth curve
stat	statistical network useful with graphical commands
td	graphical device routines and filters	[ hpd, erase, hardcopy, tekset, td ]
tekset	graphical device routines and filters	[ hpd, erase, hardcopy, tekset, td ]
toc	graphical table of contents routines
tplot	graphics filters

1M. Maintenance Commands

acct	overview of accounting and miscellaneous accounting commands
acctcms	command summary from per-process accounting records
acctcon	connect-time accounting
acctmerg	merge or add total accounting files
acctprc	process accounting
acctsh	shell procedures for accounting
bcopy	interactive block copy
chroot	change root directory for a command
clri	clear i-node
config	configure a UNIX system
crash	examine system images
cron	clock daemon
devnm	device name
dump	incremental file system dump
errdead	extract error records from dump
errdemon	error-logging daemon
errpt	process a report of logged errors
errstop	terminate the error-logging daemon
fsck	file system consistency check and interactive repair
fscv	convert files between PDP-11 and VAX-11/780 systems
fsdb	file system debugger
fwtmp	manipulate wtmp records	[ fwtmp, wtmpfix ]
grpck	password/group file checkers	[ pwck, grpck ]
install	install commands
labelit	copy file systems with label checking	[ volcopy, labelit ]
link	exercise link and unlink system calls	[ link, unlink ]
mkfs	construct a file system
mknod	build special file
mount	mount and dismount file system	[ mount, umount ]
mvdir	move a directory
ncheck	generate names from i-numbers
prfdc	operating system profiler	[ prfld, prfstat, prfdc, prfsnap, prfpr ]
prfld	operating system profiler	[ prfld, prfstat, prfdc, prfsnap, prfpr ]
prfpr	operating system profiler	[ prfld, prfstat, prfdc, prfsnap, prfpr ]
prfsnap	operating system profiler	[ prfld, prfstat, prfdc, prfsnap, prfpr ]
prfstat	operating system profiler	[ prfld, prfstat, prfdc, prfsnap, prfpr ]
profiler	operating system profiler	[ prfld, prfstat, prfdc, prfsnap, prfpr ]
pwck	password/group file checkers	[ pwck, grpck ]
restor	incremental file system restore
runacct	run daily accounting
sag	system activity graph
setmnt	establish mnttab table
shutdown	terminate all processing
st	synchronous terminal control
sync	update the super block
sysdef	system definition
umount	mount and dismount file system	[ mount, umount ]
unlink	exercise link and unlink system calls	[ link, unlink ]
uuclean	uucp spool directory clean-up
uusub	monitor uucp network
vlx	VAX-11/780 LSI console floppy interface
volcopy	copy file systems with label checking	[ volcopy, labelit ]
wall	write to all users
whodo	who is doing what
wtmpfix	manipulate wtmp records	[ fwtmp, wtmpfix ]

2. System Calls (intro)

access	determine accessibility of a file
acct	enable or disable process accounting
alarm	set a process’s alarm clock
brk	change data segment space allocation	[ brk, sbrk ]
chdir	change working directory
chmod	change mode of file
chown	change owner and group of a file
chroot	change root directory
close	close a file descriptor
creat	create a new file or rewrite an existing one
dup	duplicate an open file descriptor
exec	execute a file	[ execl, execv, execle, execve, execlp, execvp ]
execl	execute a file	[ execl, execv, execle, execve, execlp, execvp ]
execle	execute a file	[ execl, execv, execle, execve, execlp, execvp ]
execlp	execute a file	[ execl, execv, execle, execve, execlp, execvp ]
execv	execute a file	[ execl, execv, execle, execve, execlp, execvp ]
execve	execute a file	[ execl, execv, execle, execve, execlp, execvp ]
execvp	execute a file	[ execl, execv, execle, execve, execlp, execvp ]
exit	terminate process
fcntl	file control
fork	create a new process
fstat	get file status	[ stat, fstat ]
getegid	get real user, effective user, real group, and effective group IDs	[ getuid, geteuid, getgid, getegid ]
geteuid	get real user, effective user, real group, and effective group IDs	[ getuid, geteuid, getgid, getegid ]
getgid	get real user, effective user, real group, and effective group IDs	[ getuid, geteuid, getgid, getegid ]
getpgrp	get process, process group, and parent process IDs	[ getpid, getpgrp, getppid ]
getpid	get process, process group, and parent process IDs	[ getpid, getpgrp, getppid ]
getppid	get process, process group, and parent process IDs	[ getpid, getpgrp, getppid ]
getuid	get real user, effective user, real group, and effective group IDs	[ getuid, geteuid, getgid, getegid ]
intro	introduction to system calls and error numbers
ioctl	control device
kill	send a signal to a process or a group of processes
link	link to a file
lseek	move read/write file pointer
mknod	make a directory, or a special or ordinary file
mount	mount a file system
nice	change priority of a process
open	open for reading or writing
pause	suspend process until signal
pipe	create an interprocess channel
profil	execution time profile
ptrace	process trace
read	read from file
sbrk	change data segment space allocation	[ brk, sbrk ]
setgid	set user and group IDs	[ setuid, setgid ]
setpgrp	set process group ID
setuid	set user and group IDs	[ setuid, setgid ]
signal	specify what to do upon receipt of a signal
stat	get file status	[ stat, fstat ]
stime	set time
sync	update super-block
time	get time
times	get process and child process times
ulimit	get and set user limits
umask	set and get file creation mask
umount	unmount a file system
uname	get name of current UNIX system
unlink	remove directory entry
ustat	get file system statistics
utime	set file access and modification times
wait	wait for child process to stop or terminate
write	write on a file

3. Subroutines (intro)

intro

introduction to subroutines and libraries

3C. C and Assembler Library

_tolower	character translation	[ toupper, tolower, toascii ]
_toupper	character translation	[ toupper, tolower, toascii ]
a64l	convert between long and base-64 ASCII	[ a64l, l64a ]
abort	generate an IOT fault
abs	integer absolute value
asctime	convert date and time to ASCII	[ ctime, localtime, gmtime, asctime, tzset ]
atof	convert ASCII to numbers	[ atof, atoi, atol ]
atoi	convert ASCII to numbers	[ atof, atoi, atol ]
atol	convert ASCII to numbers	[ atof, atoi, atol ]
bsearch	binary search
calloc	main memory allocator	[ malloc, free, realloc, calloc ]
conv	character translation	[ toupper, tolower, toascii ]
crypt	DES encryption	[ crypt, setkey, encrypt ]
ctime	convert date and time to ASCII	[ ctime, localtime, gmtime, asctime, tzset ]
ctype	character classification	[ isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii ]
ecvt	output conversion	[ ecvt, fcvt ]
edata	last locations in program	[ end, etext, edata ]
encrypt	DES encryption	[ crypt, setkey, encrypt ]
end	last locations in program	[ end, etext, edata ]
endgrent	get group file entry	[ getgrent, getgrgid, getgrnam, setgrent, endgrent ]
endpwent	get password file entry	[ getpwent, getpwuid, getpwnam, setpwent, endpwent ]
errno	system error messages	[ perror, sys_errlist, sys_nerr, errno ]
etext	last locations in program	[ end, etext, edata ]
fcvt	output conversion	[ ecvt, fcvt ]
free	main memory allocator	[ malloc, free, realloc, calloc ]
frexp	split into mantissa and exponent	[ frexp, ldexp, modf ]
getenv	value for environment name
getgrent	get group file entry	[ getgrent, getgrgid, getgrnam, setgrent, endgrent ]
getgrgid	get group file entry	[ getgrent, getgrgid, getgrnam, setgrent, endgrent ]
getgrnam	get group file entry	[ getgrent, getgrgid, getgrnam, setgrent, endgrent ]
getlogin	get login name
getopt	get option letter from argv
getpass	read a password
getpw	get name from UID
getpwent	get password file entry	[ getpwent, getpwuid, getpwnam, setpwent, endpwent ]
getpwnam	get password file entry	[ getpwent, getpwuid, getpwnam, setpwent, endpwent ]
getpwuid	get password file entry	[ getpwent, getpwuid, getpwnam, setpwent, endpwent ]
gmtime	convert date and time to ASCII	[ ctime, localtime, gmtime, asctime, tzset ]
gsignal	software signals	[ ssignal, gsignal ]
isalnum	character classification	[ isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii ]
isalpha	character classification	[ isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii ]
isascii	character classification	[ isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii ]
isatty	find name of a terminal	[ ttyname, isatty ]
iscntrl	character classification	[ isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii ]
isdigit	character classification	[ isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii ]
isgraph	character classification	[ isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii ]
islower	character classification	[ isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii ]
isprint	character classification	[ isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii ]
ispunct	character classification	[ isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii ]
isspace	character classification	[ isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii ]
isupper	character classification	[ isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii ]
isxdigit	character classification	[ isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii ]
l3tol	convert between 3-byte integers and long integers	[ l3tol, ltol3 ]
l64a	convert between long and base-64 ASCII	[ a64l, l64a ]
ldexp	split into mantissa and exponent	[ frexp, ldexp, modf ]
localtime	convert date and time to ASCII	[ ctime, localtime, gmtime, asctime, tzset ]
longjmp	non-local goto	[ setjmp, longjmp ]
lsearch	linear search and update
ltol3	convert between 3-byte integers and long integers	[ l3tol, ltol3 ]
malloc	main memory allocator	[ malloc, free, realloc, calloc ]
mktemp	make a unique file name
modf	split into mantissa and exponent	[ frexp, ldexp, modf ]
monitor	prepare execution profile
nlist	get entries from name list
perror	system error messages	[ perror, sys_errlist, sys_nerr, errno ]
putpwent	write password file entry
qsort	quicker sort
rand	random number generator	[ rand, srand ]
realloc	main memory allocator	[ malloc, free, realloc, calloc ]
setgrent	get group file entry	[ getgrent, getgrgid, getgrnam, setgrent, endgrent ]
setjmp	non-local goto	[ setjmp, longjmp ]
setkey	DES encryption	[ crypt, setkey, encrypt ]
setpwent	get password file entry	[ getpwent, getpwuid, getpwnam, setpwent, endpwent ]
sleep	suspend execution for interval
srand	random number generator	[ rand, srand ]
ssignal	software signals	[ ssignal, gsignal ]
strcat	string operations	[ strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, strchr, strrchr, strpbrk, strspn, strcspn, strtok ]
strchr	string operations	[ strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, strchr, strrchr, strpbrk, strspn, strcspn, strtok ]
strcmp	string operations	[ strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, strchr, strrchr, strpbrk, strspn, strcspn, strtok ]
strcpy	string operations	[ strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, strchr, strrchr, strpbrk, strspn, strcspn, strtok ]
strcspn	string operations	[ strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, strchr, strrchr, strpbrk, strspn, strcspn, strtok ]
string	string operations	[ strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, strchr, strrchr, strpbrk, strspn, strcspn, strtok ]
strlen	string operations	[ strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, strchr, strrchr, strpbrk, strspn, strcspn, strtok ]
strncat	string operations	[ strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, strchr, strrchr, strpbrk, strspn, strcspn, strtok ]
strncmp	string operations	[ strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, strchr, strrchr, strpbrk, strspn, strcspn, strtok ]
strncpy	string operations	[ strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, strchr, strrchr, strpbrk, strspn, strcspn, strtok ]
strpbrk	string operations	[ strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, strchr, strrchr, strpbrk, strspn, strcspn, strtok ]
strrchr	string operations	[ strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, strchr, strrchr, strpbrk, strspn, strcspn, strtok ]
strspn	string operations	[ strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, strchr, strrchr, strpbrk, strspn, strcspn, strtok ]
strtok	string operations	[ strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, strchr, strrchr, strpbrk, strspn, strcspn, strtok ]
swab	swap bytes
sys_errlist	system error messages	[ perror, sys_errlist, sys_nerr, errno ]
sys_nerr	system error messages	[ perror, sys_errlist, sys_nerr, errno ]
toascii	character translation	[ toupper, tolower, toascii ]
tolower	character translation	[ toupper, tolower, toascii ]
toupper	character translation	[ toupper, tolower, toascii ]
ttyname	find name of a terminal	[ ttyname, isatty ]
tzset	convert date and time to ASCII	[ ctime, localtime, gmtime, asctime, tzset ]

3M. Math Library

acos	trigonometric functions	[ sin, cos, tan, asin, acos, atan, atan2 ]
asin	trigonometric functions	[ sin, cos, tan, asin, acos, atan, atan2 ]
atan	trigonometric functions	[ sin, cos, tan, asin, acos, atan, atan2 ]
atan2	trigonometric functions	[ sin, cos, tan, asin, acos, atan, atan2 ]
bessel	bessel functions	[ j0, j1, jn, y0, y1, yn ]
ceil	absolute value, floor, ceiling, remainder functions	[ floor, fabs, ceil, fmod ]
cos	trigonometric functions	[ sin, cos, tan, asin, acos, atan, atan2 ]
cosh	hyperbolic functions	[ sinh, cosh, tanh ]
exp	exponential, logarithm, power, square root functions	[ exp, log, pow, sqrt ]
fabs	absolute value, floor, ceiling, remainder functions	[ floor, fabs, ceil, fmod ]
floor	absolute value, floor, ceiling, remainder functions	[ floor, fabs, ceil, fmod ]
fmod	absolute value, floor, ceiling, remainder functions	[ floor, fabs, ceil, fmod ]
gamma	log gamma function
hypot	Euclidean distance
j0	bessel functions	[ j0, j1, jn, y0, y1, yn ]
j1	bessel functions	[ j0, j1, jn, y0, y1, yn ]
jn	bessel functions	[ j0, j1, jn, y0, y1, yn ]
log	exponential, logarithm, power, square root functions	[ exp, log, pow, sqrt ]
pow	exponential, logarithm, power, square root functions	[ exp, log, pow, sqrt ]
sin	trigonometric functions	[ sin, cos, tan, asin, acos, atan, atan2 ]
sinh	hyperbolic functions	[ sinh, cosh, tanh ]
sqrt	exponential, logarithm, power, square root functions	[ exp, log, pow, sqrt ]
tan	trigonometric functions	[ sin, cos, tan, asin, acos, atan, atan2 ]
tanh	hyperbolic functions	[ sinh, cosh, tanh ]
trig	trigonometric functions	[ sin, cos, tan, asin, acos, atan, atan2 ]
y0	bessel functions	[ j0, j1, jn, y0, y1, yn ]
y1	bessel functions	[ j0, j1, jn, y0, y1, yn ]
yn	bessel functions	[ j0, j1, jn, y0, y1, yn ]

3S. Standard I/O Library

clearerr	stream status inquiries	[ ferror, feof, clearerr, fileno ]
ctermid	generate file name for terminal
cuserid	character login name of the user
fclose	close or flush a stream	[ fclose, fflush ]
fdopen	open a stream	[ fopen, freopen, fdopen ]
feof	stream status inquiries	[ ferror, feof, clearerr, fileno ]
ferror	stream status inquiries	[ ferror, feof, clearerr, fileno ]
fflush	close or flush a stream	[ fclose, fflush ]
fgetc	get character or word from stream	[ getc, getchar, fgetc, getw ]
fgets	get a string from a stream	[ gets, fgets ]
fileno	stream status inquiries	[ ferror, feof, clearerr, fileno ]
fopen	open a stream	[ fopen, freopen, fdopen ]
fprintf	output formatters	[ printf, fprintf, sprintf ]
fputc	put character or word on a stream	[ putc, putchar, fputc, putw ]
fputs	put a string on a stream	[ puts, fputs ]
fread	buffered binary input/output	[ fread, fwrite ]
freopen	open a stream	[ fopen, freopen, fdopen ]
fscanf	formatted input conversion	[ scanf, fscanf, sscanf ]
fseek	reposition a stream	[ fseek, ftell, rewind ]
ftell	reposition a stream	[ fseek, ftell, rewind ]
fwrite	buffered binary input/output	[ fread, fwrite ]
getc	get character or word from stream	[ getc, getchar, fgetc, getw ]
getchar	get character or word from stream	[ getc, getchar, fgetc, getw ]
gets	get a string from a stream	[ gets, fgets ]
getw	get character or word from stream	[ getc, getchar, fgetc, getw ]
pclose	initiate I/O to/from a process	[ popen, pclose ]
popen	initiate I/O to/from a process	[ popen, pclose ]
printf	output formatters	[ printf, fprintf, sprintf ]
putc	put character or word on a stream	[ putc, putchar, fputc, putw ]
putchar	put character or word on a stream	[ putc, putchar, fputc, putw ]
puts	put a string on a stream	[ puts, fputs ]
putw	put character or word on a stream	[ putc, putchar, fputc, putw ]
rewind	reposition a stream	[ fseek, ftell, rewind ]
scanf	formatted input conversion	[ scanf, fscanf, sscanf ]
setbuf	assign buffering to a stream
sprintf	output formatters	[ printf, fprintf, sprintf ]
sscanf	formatted input conversion	[ scanf, fscanf, sscanf ]
stdio	standard buffered input/output package
system	issue a shell command
tmpfile	create a temporary file
tmpnam	create a name for a temporary file
ungetc	push character back into input stream

3X. Miscellaneous Routines

assert	program verification
fptrap	floating point interpreter
logname	login name of user
plot	graphics interface subroutines
regcmp	regular expression compile/execute	[ regex, regcmp ]
regex	regular expression compile/execute	[ regex, regcmp ]

4. Special Files (intro)

cat	phototypesetter interface
dh	DZ-11, DZ-11/KMC-11, DH-11 asynchronous multiplexers	[ dz, dzk, dh ]
dj	DJ-11 asynchronous multiplexor
dmc	communications link with built-in DDCMP protocol
dn	DN-11 ACU interface
dqs	DQS-11 interface for two-point BSC
du	DU-11 synchronous line interface
dz	DZ-11, DZ-11/KMC-11, DH-11 asynchronous multiplexers	[ dz, dzk, dh ]
dzk	DZ-11, DZ-11/KMC-11, DH-11 asynchronous multiplexers	[ dz, dzk, dh ]
err	error-logging interface
hp	RP04/RP05/RP06 moving-head disk
hs	RH11/RJS03-RJS04 fixed-head disk file
ht	TU16 magnetic tape interface
intro	introduction to special files
kl	KL-11 or DL-11 asynchronous interface
kmc	KMC11 microprocessor
kmem	core memory	[ mem, kmem ]
lp	line printer
mem	core memory	[ mem, kmem ]
null	the null file
pcl	parallel communications link interface
prf	operating system profiler
rf	RF11/RS11 fixed-head disk file
rk	RK-11/RK03 or RK05 disk
rl	RL-11/RL01 disk
rp	RP-11/RP03 moving-head disk
st	synchronous terminal interface
tm	TM11/TU10 magnetic tape interface
trace	event-tracing driver
tty	general terminal interface
vp	Versatec printer
vpm	The Virtual Protocol Machine

5. File Formats (intro)

a.out	assembler and link editor output
acct	per-process accounting file format
ar	archive file format
checklist	list of file systems processed by fsck
core	format of core image file
cpio	format of cpio archive
dir	format of directories
dump	incremental dump tape format
errfile	error-log file format
filesystem	format of system volume	[ file system ]
fs	format of system volume	[ file system ]
fspec	format specification in text files
gps	graphical primitive string, format of graphical files
group	group file
inittab	control information for init
inode	format of an inode
intro	introduction to file formats
master	master device information table
mnttab	mounted file system table
passwd	password file
plot	graphics interface
pnch	file format for card images
profile	setting up an environment at login time
sccsfile	format of SCCS file
tp	magnetic tape format
utmp	utmp and wtmp entry format	[ utmp, wtmp ]
wtmp	utmp and wtmp entry format	[ utmp, wtmp ]

6. Games (intro)

arithmetic	provide drill in number facts
back	the game of backgammon
bj	the game of black jack
chess	the game of chess
craps	the game of craps
cubic	tic-tac-toe	[ ttt, cubic ]
hangman	guess the word
intro	introduction to games
maze	generate a maze
moo	guessing game
quiz	test your knowledge
reversi	a game of dramatic reversals
sky	obtain ephemerides
ttt	tic-tac-toe	[ ttt, cubic ]
wump	the game of hunt-the-wumpus

7. Miscellaneous Facilities (intro)

ascii	map of ASCII character set
environ	user environment
eqnchar	special character definitions for eqn and neqn
fcntl	file control options
greek	graphics for the extended TTY-37 type-box
intro	introduction to miscellany
man	macros for formatting entries in this manual
mm	the MM macro package for formatting documents
mv	a macro package for making view graphs
regexp	regular expression compile and match routines
stat	data returned by stat system call
term	conventional names
types	primitive system data types

8. Maintenance Procedures (intro)

70boot	11/70 bootstrap procedures
crash	what to do when the system crashes
diskboot	disk bootstrap programs
etp	Equipment Test Package
filesave	daily/weekly UNIX file system backup	[ filesave, tapesave ]
getty	set the modes of a terminal
hasp	RJE (Remote Job Entry) to IBM
init	process control initialization
intro	introduction to system maintenance procedures
makekey	generate encryption key
mk	how to remake the system and commands
rc	system initialization shell script
rje	RJE (Remote Job Entry) to IBM
romboot	special ROM bootstrap loaders
rp6fmt	format and/or check RP06 disk packs
sar	system activity report package
tapeboot	magnetic tape bootstrap program
tapesave	daily/weekly UNIX file system backup	[ filesave, tapesave ]
unixboot	UNIX startup and boot procedures
uvac	RJE (Remote Job Entry) to UNIVAC
vaxops	VAX-11/780 console operations

Museum

Anchors

Manual — UNIX SysIII

1. Commands (intro)

1C. Communications Commands

1G. Graphics Commands

1M. Maintenance Commands

2. System Calls (intro)

3. Subroutines (intro)

3C. C and Assembler Library

3M. Math Library

3S. Standard I/O Library

3X. Miscellaneous Routines

4. Special Files (intro)

5. File Formats (intro)

6. Games (intro)

7. Miscellaneous Facilities (intro)

8. Maintenance Procedures (intro)