Museum

Home

Lab Overview

Retrotechnology Articles

⇒ Online Manual

Media Vault

Software Library

Restoration Projects

Artifacts Sought



AR(4)           DOMAIN/IX Reference Manual (SYS5)           AR(4)



NAME
     ar -  common archive file format

DESCRIPTION
     The archive command ar(1) is used to combine several files
     into one.  Archives are used mainly as libraries for the
     link editor ld(1) to search.

     Each archive begins with the archive magic string.

     #define  ARMAG   "!<arch>\n"   /* magic string */
     #define  SARMAG  8             /* length of magic string */


     Each archive that contains common object files (see
     a.out(4)) includes an archive symbol table.  This symbol
     table is used by the link editor ld(1) to determine which
     archive members must be loaded during the link edit process.
     The archive symbol table (if it exists) is always the first
     file in the archive (but it is never listed) and is automat-
     ically created and/or updated by ar.

     Following the archive magic string are the archive file
     members.  Each file member is preceded by a file member
     header which has the following format:

     #define  ARFMAG    "`\n"  /* header trailer string */

     struct  ar_hdr            /* file member header */
     {
         char    ar_name[16];  /* '/' terminated file member name */
         char    ar_date[12];  /* file member date */
         char    ar_uid[6];    /* file member user identification */
         char    ar_gid[6];    /* file member group identification */
         char    ar_mode[8];   /* file member mode (octal) */
         char    ar_size[10];  /* file member size */
         char    ar_fmag[2];   /* header trailer string */
     };


     All information in the file member headers is in printable
     ASCII. The numeric information contained in the headers is
     stored in the form of decimal numbers (except for ar_mode
     which is in octal).  Thus, if the archive contains printable
     files, the archive itself is printable.

     The ar_name field is blank-padded and ends with a slash (/).
     The ar_date field is the file's last modification date (at
     the time of its insertion into the archive).  Common format
     archives can be moved from system to system as long as the
     portable archive command ar(1) is used.  Conversion tools
     like arcv(1) and convert(1) help to transport archives in



Printed 5/13/85                                              AR-1





AR(4)           DOMAIN/IX Reference Manual (SYS5)           AR(4)



     different formats to this format.

     Each member file of an archive file begins on an even byte
     boundary.  A newline is inserted between member files, if
     necessary.  Nevertheless, the size given reflects the actual
     size of the file, exclusive of padding.

     There is no provision for empty areas in an archive file.

     If the archive symbol table exists, the first file in the
     archive has a zero length name (i.e., ar_name[0] == '/').
     The contents of this file are as follows:

     ⊕    The number of symbols.  Length: 4 bytes.

     ⊕    The array of offsets into the archive file.  Length: 4
          bytes * ``the number of symbols''.

     ⊕    The name string table.  Length: ar_size - (4 bytes *
          (``the number of symbols'' + 1)).

     The number of symbols and the array of offsets are managed
     with sgetl and sputl.  The string table contains exactly as
     many null terminated strings as there are elements in the
     array of offsets.  Each offset from the array is associated
     with the corresponding name from the string table (in
     order).  The names in the string table are all the defined
     global symbols found in the common object files in the
     archive.  Each offset is the location of the archive header
     for the associated symbol.

NOTES
     Strip(1) will remove all archive symbol entries from the
     header.  The archive symbol entries must be restored with
     the ts option of the ar(1) command before the archive can be
     used with the link editor ld(1).

RELATED INFORMATION
     ar(1), arcv(1), convert(1), ld(1), strip(1), sputl(3X)
















AR-2                                              Printed 5/13/85



Typewritten Software • bear@typewritten.org • Edmonds, WA 98026